Transitional cell carcinoma natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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Most superficial tumors are likely to be well differentiated, while infiltrative tumors are likely to be poorly differentiated. The incidence of synchronous or metachronous contralateral upper tract cancers ranges from 2% to 4%; the incidence of subsequent bladder cancer after prior upper tract transitional cell cancer ranges from 30% to 50%.[1] When involvement of the upper tract is diffuse (involving both the renal pelvis and ureter), the likelihood of subsequent development of bladder cancer increases to 75%. DNA ploidy has not added significant prognostic information beyond that provided by stage and grade.<ref name= NIH>Transitional cell cancer. National cancer institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney/hp/transitional-cell-treatment-pdq#section/_1</ref> | Most superficial tumors are likely to be well differentiated, while infiltrative tumors are likely to be poorly differentiated. The incidence of synchronous or metachronous contralateral upper tract cancers ranges from 2% to 4%; the incidence of subsequent bladder cancer after prior upper tract transitional cell cancer ranges from 30% to 50%.[1] When involvement of the upper tract is diffuse (involving both the renal pelvis and ureter), the likelihood of subsequent development of bladder cancer increases to 75%. DNA ploidy has not added significant prognostic information beyond that provided by stage and grade.<ref name= NIH>Transitional cell cancer. National cancer institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney/hp/transitional-cell-treatment-pdq#section/_1</ref> | ||
The prognosis (chance of recovery) depends on the stage and grade of the tumor.<ref name= NIH>Transitional cell cancer. National cancer institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney/patient/transitional-cell-treatment-pdq</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:29, 10 February 2016
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Transitional cell carcinoma Microchapters |
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Differentiating Transitional cell carcinoma from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Natural History
Complications
Bladder cancers may spread into the nearby organs. They may also travel through the pelvic lymph nodes and spread to the liver, lungs, and bones. Additional complications of bladder cancer include:
- Anemia
- Swelling of the ureters(hydronephrosis)
- Urethral stricture
- Urinary incontinence
Prognosis
How well a patient with bladder cancer does depends on the initial stage and response to treatment of the bladder cancer.
The outlook for stage 0 or I cancers is fairly good. Although the risk of the cancer returning is high, most bladder cancers that return can be surgically removed and cured. After treatment for bladder cancer, patient should be closely monitored for return of cancer. This may include:
- Bone scans and CT scans to check for the spread or return of cancer
- Monitoring symptoms that might suggest the disease is getting worse, such as fatigue, weight loss, increased pain, decreased bowel and bladder function, and weakness
- Complete blood count (CBC) to monitor for anemia
- Bladder exams every 3 to 6 months after treatment
- Urinalysis if you did not have your bladder removed
The cure rates for people with stage III tumors are less than 50%. Patients with stage IV bladder cancer are rarely cured.
The major prognostic factor at the time of diagnosis of upper tract transitional cell cancer is the depth of infiltration into or through the uroepithelial wall.
Most superficial tumors are likely to be well differentiated, while infiltrative tumors are likely to be poorly differentiated. The incidence of synchronous or metachronous contralateral upper tract cancers ranges from 2% to 4%; the incidence of subsequent bladder cancer after prior upper tract transitional cell cancer ranges from 30% to 50%.[1] When involvement of the upper tract is diffuse (involving both the renal pelvis and ureter), the likelihood of subsequent development of bladder cancer increases to 75%. DNA ploidy has not added significant prognostic information beyond that provided by stage and grade.[1]
The prognosis (chance of recovery) depends on the stage and grade of the tumor.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Transitional cell cancer. National cancer institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney/hp/transitional-cell-treatment-pdq#section/_1