Tonsillitis natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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{{Tonsillitis}} | {{Tonsillitis}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{LRO}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{LRO}} | ||
==Overview== | |||
Acute tonsillitis will usually present with [[erythema]] and [[edema]] of the [[tonsils]] rapidly upon infiltration of the pathogen. It is usually self-limited and symptoms will be resolved within 3-4 days. Recurrent tonsillitis will usually not resolve itself and will require [[antimicrobrial]] therapy or [[tonsillectomy]] when indicated. Complications of tonsillitis are caused by persistence and/or spread of the responsible pathogen - usually [[bacterial]]. The prognosis for acute tonsillitis without treatment is usually good, while the prognosis for untreated recurrent tonsillitis will vary based on presence of life-threatening complications. With treatment, the prognosis of acute and recurrent tonsillitis is usually good. | |||
==Natural History== | ==Natural History== | ||
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**Symptoms, including [[fever]] and [[sore throat]], will usually manifest within 24 hours of infection. | **Symptoms, including [[fever]] and [[sore throat]], will usually manifest within 24 hours of infection. | ||
*Acute tonsillitis is usually self-limited and will be resolved within 3-4 days. | *Acute tonsillitis is usually self-limited and will be resolved within 3-4 days. | ||
*Recurrent tonsillitis will usually not resolve itself and will require [[antimicrobrial]] therapy or [[tonsillectomy]] | *Recurrent tonsillitis will usually not resolve itself and will require [[antimicrobrial]] therapy or [[tonsillectomy]] when indicated.<ref name="pmid19561812">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stuck BA, Götte K, Windfuhr JP, Genzwürker H, Schroten H, Tenenbaum T |title=Tonsillectomy in children |journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int |volume=105 |issue=49 |pages=852–60; quiz 860–1 |year=2008 |pmid=19561812 |pmc=2689639 |doi=10.3238/arztebl.2008.0852 |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Left untreated, recurrent tonsillitis may persist and recur over periods of time and can lead to infectious complications. | **Left untreated, recurrent tonsillitis may persist and recur over periods of time and can lead to infectious complications. | ||
==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
Complications of tonsillitis are caused by persistence and/or spread of the responsible pathogen - usually [[bacterial - and include the following:<ref name="urlTonsillitis - NHS Choices">{{cite web |url=http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Tonsillitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx |title=Tonsillitis - NHS Choices |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | Complications of tonsillitis are caused by persistence and/or spread of the responsible pathogen - usually [[bacterial]] - and include the following:<ref name="urlTonsillitis - NHS Choices">{{cite web |url=http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Tonsillitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx |title=Tonsillitis - NHS Choices |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
*[[Otitis media]] | *[[Otitis media]] | ||
*[[Peritonsillar abscess]] | *[[Peritonsillar abscess]] | ||
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==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
*The prognosis for acute tonsillitis without treatment is usually good; the disease is usually self-limited and will resolve itself within 3-4 days.<ref name="urlTonsillitis - NHS Choices">{{cite web |url=http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Tonsillitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx |title=Tonsillitis - NHS Choices |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
*The prognosis for recurrent tonsillitis varies based on the presence of life-threatening complications.<ref name="urlRheumatic fever: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia">{{cite web |url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003940.htm |title=Rheumatic fever: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
*With treatment, the prognosis of acute and recurrent tonsillitis is usually good. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
Acute tonsillitis will usually present with erythema and edema of the tonsils rapidly upon infiltration of the pathogen. It is usually self-limited and symptoms will be resolved within 3-4 days. Recurrent tonsillitis will usually not resolve itself and will require antimicrobrial therapy or tonsillectomy when indicated. Complications of tonsillitis are caused by persistence and/or spread of the responsible pathogen - usually bacterial. The prognosis for acute tonsillitis without treatment is usually good, while the prognosis for untreated recurrent tonsillitis will vary based on presence of life-threatening complications. With treatment, the prognosis of acute and recurrent tonsillitis is usually good.
Natural History
- Acute tonsillitis will usually present with erythema and edema of the tonsils rapidly upon infiltration of the pathogen.[1]
- Symptoms, including fever and sore throat, will usually manifest within 24 hours of infection.
- Acute tonsillitis is usually self-limited and will be resolved within 3-4 days.
- Recurrent tonsillitis will usually not resolve itself and will require antimicrobrial therapy or tonsillectomy when indicated.[2]
- Left untreated, recurrent tonsillitis may persist and recur over periods of time and can lead to infectious complications.
Complications
Complications of tonsillitis are caused by persistence and/or spread of the responsible pathogen - usually bacterial - and include the following:[1]
- Otitis media
- Peritonsillar abscess
- Sleep apnea
- Scarlet fever
- Rheumatic fever
- Glomerulonephritis
- Tonsilloliths[3]
Prognosis
- The prognosis for acute tonsillitis without treatment is usually good; the disease is usually self-limited and will resolve itself within 3-4 days.[1]
- The prognosis for recurrent tonsillitis varies based on the presence of life-threatening complications.[4]
- With treatment, the prognosis of acute and recurrent tonsillitis is usually good.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Tonsillitis - NHS Choices".
- ↑ Stuck BA, Götte K, Windfuhr JP, Genzwürker H, Schroten H, Tenenbaum T (2008). "Tonsillectomy in children". Dtsch Arztebl Int. 105 (49): 852–60, quiz 860–1. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2008.0852. PMC 2689639. PMID 19561812.
- ↑ Rio AC, Franchi-Teixeira AR, Nicola EM (2008). "Relationship between the presence of tonsilloliths and halitosis in patients with chronic caseous tonsillitis". Br Dent J. 204 (2): E4. doi:10.1038/bdj.2007.1106. PMID 18037821.
- ↑ "Rheumatic fever: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia".