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Revision as of 05:11, 12 October 2015

Thyroid adenoma Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]

Overview

Pathogenesis

A thyroid adenoma may be clinically silent, or it may be a "functional" tumor, producing excessive thyroid hormone. In this case, it may result in symptomatic hyperthyroidism, and may be referred to as a toxic thyroid adenoma. Careful pathological examination may be necessary to distinguish a thyroid adenoma from a minimally invasive follicular thyroid carcinoma.

Colloid Nodules

Colloid nodules (CN) are non-neoplastic benign nodules occurring within the thyroid gland. They form the vast majority of nodular thyroid disease. Colloid nodules are composed of irregularly enlarged follicles containing abundant colloid. Some colloid nodules can be cystic (cystic colloid nodule), and may contain areas of necrosis, haemorrhage and/or calcification. Colloid nodule may be single or multiple and can vary considerably in size.[1]

Genetics

Associated Conditions

Gross Pathology

Thyroid follicular adenoma ranges in diameter from 3 cm on an average, but sometimes is larger (up to 10 cm) or smaller. The typical thyroid adenoma is solitary, spherical and encapsulated lesion that is well demarcated from the surrounding parenchyma. The color ranges from gray-white to red-brown, depending upon

  1. the cellularity of the adenoma
  2. the colloid content.

Microscopic Pathology

  • Areas of hemorrhage, fibrosis, calcification, and cystic change, similar to what is found in multinodular goiters, are common in thyroid (follicular) adenoma, particularly in larger lesions.
  • Encapsulated tumors without evidence of infiltration

Histopathological Video

Video

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Reference

  1. Colloid nodule (thyroid). Radiopedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/colloid-nodule-thyroid-1 Accessed on October,7, 2015