Testicular cancer overview: Difference between revisions

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VisualWikitext

Revision as of 17:56, 19 October 2015

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Testicular cancer is cancer that develops in the testicles, a part of the male reproductive system.

Classification

Testicular cancer may be classified according to cell types into two subtypes: germ cell tumors and non–germ cell tumors.

Pathophysiology

On microscopic histopathological analysis of testicular cancer, fried-egg appearance is the characteristic finding of seminoma; marked nuclear atypia is the characteristic finding of embryonal carcinoma; blander cytomorphology, hyaline-type globules, and Schiller-Duval bodies are characteristic findings of yolk sac tumor ; syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblast cells are the characteristic findings of choriocarcinoma.

Causes

There are no known direct causes for testicular cancer.

Differential Diagnosis

Testicular cancer must be differentiated from epididymitis, hematocele, hydrocele, spermatocele, granulomatous orchitis, and varicocele.

Epidemiology and Demographics

The prevalence of testicular cancer is approximately 88.1 per 100,000 males in the United States. The incidence of testicular cancer is approximately 5.88 per 100,000 males in the United States. The majority of cases are reported in New Zealand. Testicular cancer usually affects males of the white race. African American individuals are less likely to develop testicular cancer.

Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of testicular cancer are undescended testicle, family history, personal history of testicular cancer, Klinefelter syndrome.

Screening

According to the the U.S. Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF), there is insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening for bladder cancer.

Prognosis

Prognosis of testicular cancer is generally good, and the 5-year survival rate is approximately 96.6%.

==

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 '''Testicular cancer''' is [[cancer]] that develops in the [[testicle]]s, a part of the [[male]] reproductive system.
-In the United States, about 8,000 to 9,000 diagnoses of testicular cancer are made each year.  Over his lifetime, a man's risk of testicular cancer is roughly 1 in 250 (four tenths of one percent, or 0.4%).  It is most common among males aged 15-40 years, particularly those in their mid-twenties. Testicular cancer has one of the highest cure rates of all cancers: in excess of 90%; essentially 100% if it is not [[malignant]]. Even for the relatively few cases in which malignant cancer has spread widely, chemotherapy offers a cure rate of at least 85% today. Not all lumps on the testicles are tumors, and not all tumors are malignant; there are many other conditions such as [[Epididymal cyst]]s, [[Hydatid of Morgagni]], and so on which may be painful but are non-cancerous.  It should be emphasized however that all unusual lumps or pain in the testicles should be checked by a doctor immediately.
+==Classification==
+Testicular cancer may be classified according to cell types into two subtypes: [[germ cell tumors]] and non–germ cell tumors.
+==Pathophysiology==
+On microscopic histopathological analysis of testicular cancer, fried-egg appearance is the characteristic finding of [[seminoma]]; marked nuclear atypia is the characteristic finding of [[embryonal carcinoma]]; blander cytomorphology, hyaline-type globules, and Schiller-Duval bodies are characteristic findings of [[yolk sac tumor ]]; syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblast cells are the characteristic findings of [[choriocarcinoma]].
+==Causes==
+There are no known direct causes for testicular cancer.
+==Differential Diagnosis==
+Testicular cancer must be differentiated from [[epididymitis]], [[hematocele]], [[hydrocele]], [[spermatocele]], granulomatous [[orchitis]], and [[varicocele]].
+==Epidemiology and Demographics==
+The [[prevalence]] of testicular cancer is approximately 88.1 per 100,000 males in the United States. The [[incidence]] of testicular cancer is approximately 5.88 per 100,000 males in the United States. The majority of cases are reported in New Zealand. Testicular cancer usually affects males of the white race. African American individuals are less likely to develop testicular cancer.
+==Risk Factors==
+Common risk factors in the development of testicular cancer are [[undescended testicle]], family history, personal history of testicular cancer, [[Klinefelter syndrome]].
+==Screening==
+According to the the U.S. Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF), there is insufficient evidence to recommend routine [[screening]] for bladder cancer.
+==Prognosis==
+[[Prognosis]] of testicular cancer is generally good, and the 5-year survival rate is approximately 96.6%.
+==
 ==References==
@@ Line 17: / Line 43: @@
 [[Category:Andrology]]
 [[Category:Types of cancer]]
-[[Category:Mature chapter]]