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{{St. Louis encephalitis}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==
If possible, a detailed and thorough history from the patient is necessary. Most patients infected with St. Louis encephalitis remain [[asymptomatic]]. Less than 1% of St. Louis encephalitis infections are clinically apparent and the vast majority of infections remain undiagnosed.<ref name="pmid27399031">{{cite journal| author=Carballo C, Cabana M, Ledezma F, Pascual C, Cazes C, Mistchenko A et al.| title=[Saint Louis encephalitis: case report]. | journal=Arch Argent Pediatr | year= 2016 | volume= 114 | issue= 4 | pages= e268-71 | pmid=27399031 | doi=10.5546/aap.2016.e268 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27399031  }} </ref> The [[incubation period]] for St. Louis encephalitis is usually 5-15 days. Common symptoms of St. Louis encephalitis include [[fever]], [[headache]], and [[dizziness]].<ref name=SLEV>Saint Louis Encephalitis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2009). https://www.cdc.gov/sle/technical/symptoms.html Accessed on July 29, 2016.</ref>


==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==
Less than 1% of St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) infections are clinically apparent and the vast majority of infections remain undiagnosed. The incubation period for SLEV disease (the time from infected mosquito bite to onset of illness) ranges from 5 to 15 days. Onset of illness is usually abrupt, with [[fever]], [[headache]], [[dizziness]], [[nausea]], and [[malaise]]. Signs and symptoms intensify over a period of several days to a week. Some patients spontaneously recover after this period; others develop signs of central nervous system infections, including [[stiff neck]], [[confusion]], [[disorientation]], [[dizziness]], [[tremors]] and [[unsteadiness]]. Coma can develop in severe cases. The disease is generally milder in children than in older adults. About 40% of children and young adults with SLEV disease develop only [[fever]] and [[headache]] or [[aseptic meningitis]]; almost 90% of elderly persons with SLEV disease develop [[encephalitis]]. The overall case-fatality ratio is 5 to 15%. The risk of fatal disease also increases with age.
If possible, a detailed and thorough history from the patient is necessary. Most patients infected with St. Louis encephalitis remain [[asymptomatic]]. Less than 1% of St. Louis encephalitis infections are clinically apparent and the vast majority of infections remain undiagnosed.<ref name="pmid27399031">{{cite journal| author=Carballo C, Cabana M, Ledezma F, Pascual C, Cazes C, Mistchenko A et al.| title=[Saint Louis encephalitis: case report]. | journal=Arch Argent Pediatr | year= 2016 | volume= 114 | issue= 4 | pages= e268-71 | pmid=27399031 | doi=10.5546/aap.2016.e268 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27399031  }} </ref> The [[incubation period]] for St. Louis encephalitis is usually 5-15 days. The most common symptoms of St. Louis encephalitis include:<ref name=SLEV>Saint Louis Encephalitis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2009). https://www.cdc.gov/sle/technical/symptoms.html Accessed on July 29, 2016.</ref>
 
*[[Fever]]
*[[Headache]]
*[[Dizziness]]
*[[Nausea]]
*[[Malaise]]
*[[Stiff neck]]
*[[Confusion]]
*[[Disorientation]]
*[[Tremor]]
*[[Unsteadiness]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
 


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Latest revision as of 19:07, 18 September 2017

St. Louis encephalitis Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anthony Gallo, B.S. [2]; Contributor(s): Irfan Dotani [3], Vishnu Vardhan Serla M.B.B.S. [4]

Overview

If possible, a detailed and thorough history from the patient is necessary. Most patients infected with St. Louis encephalitis remain asymptomatic. Less than 1% of St. Louis encephalitis infections are clinically apparent and the vast majority of infections remain undiagnosed.[1] The incubation period for St. Louis encephalitis is usually 5-15 days. Common symptoms of St. Louis encephalitis include fever, headache, and dizziness.[2]

History and Symptoms

If possible, a detailed and thorough history from the patient is necessary. Most patients infected with St. Louis encephalitis remain asymptomatic. Less than 1% of St. Louis encephalitis infections are clinically apparent and the vast majority of infections remain undiagnosed.[1] The incubation period for St. Louis encephalitis is usually 5-15 days. The most common symptoms of St. Louis encephalitis include:[2]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Carballo C, Cabana M, Ledezma F, Pascual C, Cazes C, Mistchenko A; et al. (2016). "[Saint Louis encephalitis: case report]". Arch Argent Pediatr. 114 (4): e268–71. doi:10.5546/aap.2016.e268. PMID 27399031.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Saint Louis Encephalitis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2009). https://www.cdc.gov/sle/technical/symptoms.html Accessed on July 29, 2016.


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