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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Anmol}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Anmol}}


==Differential NHL==
==Tables==
 
{| class="wikitable"
{|
|+
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
!Diagnosis
! colspan="3" rowspan="4" |Diseases
!Lab findings
| colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |'''Clinical manifestations'''
!
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Para-clinical findings
!
! rowspan="4" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pathogonomic finding
|-
|-
| colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |'''Symptoms'''
!
!
!
!
|-
|-
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Lab Findings
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Biopsy
Histopathology
|-
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Lymphadenopathy
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Weight loss
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Night Sweats
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Rash
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other symptoms
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Immunochemistry
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Blood work
|-
| colspan="3" |Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* painless
* localized or generalized
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Presents with "B" symptoms
* Constant [[Fatigue (physical)|fatigue]]
* [[Shortness of breath]] and Cough
* [[Abdominal pain]] or swelling
* [[Constipation]]
* [[Nausea]] and[[vomiting]].
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|-
| rowspan="8" |'''INFECTIONS'''
| rowspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Bacteria
|Syphilis
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* painless
* localized
| +
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
| -
| +
|Primary syphilis:
* Chancer
Secondary syphilis:
* Rash
* Condylomata lata
* Patchy [[alopecia]]
Tertiary syphilis
* Gumma
* Organ system involvement
|
* Darkfield microscopy to detect ''[[T. pallidum]].''
* Nontreponemal tests (e.g., [[VDRL]]<nowiki/>and [[RPR]] )
* Treponemal tests (e.g. [[FTA-ABS]], the TP-PA assay
|
|
|Painless clean base chancre.
|-
|Brucellosis
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Painful
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Abdominal pain
* hepatosplenomegaly
* arthritis
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Brucella|''Brucella'']] is most commonly isolated from blood cultures
* positive titer of anti-[[Brucella|b''rucella'']] [[antibodies]] on serological testing
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Night sweats]], often with characteristic smell, likened to wet hay
|-
| rowspan="4" |Viral
|infectious mononucleosis
|
* painful
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
* low-grade [[fever]]<nowiki/>without [[chills]]
* [[sore throat]],
* white patches on [[tonsils]] and back of the throat,
* [[muscle weakness]]
* [[fatigue]]
* [[petechial hemorrhage]]
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|-
|-
|CMV
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|
|
|
|
Line 128: Line 26:
|
|
|-
|-
|HIV
|
|
* Painful or painless
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Cat scratch disease
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Mycobacteria
|Tuberculosis
|
* Painful
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
* Prior history of residence in an endemic area.
* Chronic [[cough]], [[weight loss]], [[hemoptysis]]
|
* [[PCR]] of [[CSF]] for [[tuberculosis]]
* Mycobacterial culture of CSF
* Brain biopsy for [[acid-fast bacilli]] staining
* Culture and acid stain positive for [[acid-fast bacilli]]
* CXR shows cavitations.
|
|
|Gohn's focus
|-
|Parasite
|Toxoplasmosis
|
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" |Diseases
!Lymphadenopathy
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Fever
!Weight loss
!Night sweats
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Rash
!Other symptoms
!Lab 1
!Imaging 1
!Biopsy
Histopathology
!Pathogonomical
findings
|-
| rowspan="3" |'''AUTOIMMUNE'''
| colspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Systemic lupus erythematosus
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |painless
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[ESR]]
* [[CRP]]<nowiki/>elevated
* [[ANA]] positive
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Malar rash]] and [[photosensitivity]]
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Sjögren's syndrome
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Painless
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Xerosis]]
* Scaly skin
* Annular [[erythema]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Keratoconjunctivitis sicca]]
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Sarcoidosis
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |painless
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" |Diseases
!Lymphadenopathy
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Fever
!Weight loss
!Night sweats
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Rash
!Other symptoms
!Immunochemistry
!Blood work
!Biopsy
Histopathology
!Pathogonomical
findings
|-
|-
| rowspan="6" |'''NEOPLASIA'''
| colspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Hodgkin's disease
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |painless
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[ESR]]
* [[CRP]]<nowiki/>elevated
* [[ANA]] positive
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Malar rash]] and [[photosensitivity]]
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Painless
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Xerosis]]
* Scaly skin
* Annular [[erythema]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Keratoconjunctivitis sicca]]
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Small cell carcinoma of the lung
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |painless
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Melanoma
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |painless
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Lymphomatoid granulomatosis]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |painless
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
*[[Cough]]
*[[Dyspnea]]
*[[Chest pain|Chest tightness]]
*[[Malaise]]
*[[Fatigue]]
*[[Headache|Headaches]]
*[[Seizure|Seizures]]
*[[Hemiparesis]]
*[[Ataxia]]
*[[Macule|Macules]]
*[[Papule|Papules]]
*[[Plaque|Plaques]]
*[[Nodule (medicine)|Subcutaneous nodules]]
*[[Nodule (medicine)|Larger ulcerated nodules]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
'''CBC'''
*[[Leukopenia]]
*[[Lymphocytopenia|Lymphopenia]]
*Low [[CD4]] count
*[[Leukocytosis]] is rare
*Elevated [[Hematocrit]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |On chest CT scan, [[Halo sign]] is seen due to the angioinvasive nature of the disease
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |painless
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
*[[Edema]]
*Chest pain
*[[Abdominal pain]]
*[[Bone pain]]
*[[Fatigue]]
*[[Pale skin color]]
*[[Dark urine]]
*[[Chronic pain]] and swelling of the joints
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
*Immunophenotyping
:*Positivity for [[CD2]], [[CD3]], [[CD4]], [[CD5]], [[CD10]], [[CD20]], and focal positivity for [[CXCL13]]
:*Negative for ALK1 and [[CD30]]
*Fluorescence in situ hybridization ([[FISH]])
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
*[[Complete blood count]] (CBC)
:*[[Anemia]]
:*[[Eosinophilia]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Lymph node or extranodal tissue biopsy is diagnostic of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.
*Characteristic findings on gross pathology, aborization and proliferation of [[high endothelial venules]]
*On microscopic histopathological analysis, [[CD4]]+ [[T-cells]], [[CD8]]+ [[T-cells]], and polyclonal [[plasma cells]].
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
*[[Epstein–Barr virus]] (EBV) has been found in both reactive B-cells  and the neoplastic T-cells.
*[[Trisomy]] 3, trisomy 5, and +X are the most frequent chromosomal abnormalities found in cases.
|-
| rowspan="3" |'''NEOPLASIA'''
| colspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Giant lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman disease)
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |painless
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
*[[Anemia]]
*[[Loss of appetite]]
*[[Cough]]
*Chest discomfort
*[[Fatigue]]
*[[Weakness]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
*Complete blood count and differential count - [[low white blood cell counts]], which may to be due to the overproduction of [[interleukin 6]].
*[[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate]] - elevated in 80% cases.
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Hypersecretion of the cytokine [[Interleukin 6|IL-6]].
|}
|}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 17:32, 14 January 2019


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2]

Tables

Diagnosis Lab findings

References

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