Radiation proctitis: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
 
(16 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{SI}}
__NOTOC__
'''For patient information, click [[Radiation proctitis (patient information)|here]]'''
{{Radiation proctitis}}


{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}  {{AE}} [[User:Rekha|Rekha, M.D.]], {{MIR}}


==Overview==
{{SK}} Radiation colitis
'''Radiation proctitis''' (and the related '''radiation colitis''') is [[inflammation]] and damage to the lower parts of the [[Colon (anatomy)|colon]] after exposure to [[x-ray]]s or other [[ionizing radiation]] as a part of [[radiation therapy]]. Radiation proctitis most commonly occurs after treatment for [[cancer]]s such as [[cervical cancer]], [[prostate cancer]], and [[colon cancer]]. Radiation proctitis involves the lower [[intestine]], primarily the [[sigmoid colon]] and the [[rectum]]. Radiation proctitis can occur at two times after treatment:
==[[Radiation proctitis overview|Overview]]==


==Classification==
==[[Radiation proctitis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
a. Acute radiation proctitis


b. Chronic radiation proctitis
==[[Radiation proctitis classification|Classification]]==


==Pathophysiology==
==[[Radiation proctitis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
* Acute radiation proctitis is due to direct damage of the lining ([[epithelium]]) of the colon. <ref>Babb RR. ''Radiation proctitis: a review.'' Am J Gastroenterol. 1996 Jul;91(7):1309-11. Review. PMID 8677984</ref>
 
* Chronic radiation proctitis occurs in part because of damage to the [[blood vessel]]s which supply the colon. The colon is therefore deprived of [[oxygen]] and necessary [[nutrient]]s.
==[[Radiation proctitis causes|Causes]]==
==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
 
===Complciations===
==[[Radiation proctitis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Radiation proctitis from other Diseases]]==
Complications such as obstruction and fistulae may require [[surgery]]. Several other methods are under development as of 2005 to lessen the effects of radiation proctitis.
 
==[[Radiation proctitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
 
==[[Radiation proctitis risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
 
==[[Radiation proctitis screening|Screening]]==
 
==[[Radiation proctitis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==


==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
===Symptoms===
[[Radiation proctitis staging|Staging]] | [[Radiation proctitis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Radiation proctitis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Radiation proctitis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] |  [[Radiation proctitis abdominal x ray|Abdominal X Ray]] | [[Radiation proctitis CT|CT]] | [[Radiation proctitis MRI|MRI]] | [[Radiation proctitis ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Radiation proctitis other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Radiation proctitis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
====Acute radiation proctitis====


Symptoms occur in the first few weeks after therapy. These symptoms include [[diarrhea]] and the urgent need to [[Defecation|defecate]], often with inability to do so ([[tenesmus]]). Acute radiation proctitis usually resolves without treatment after several months, but symptoms may improve with [[butyric acid|butyrate]] [[enema]]s. This acute phase is due to direct damage of the lining ([[epithelium]]) of the colon. <ref>Babb RR. ''Radiation proctitis: a review.'' Am J Gastroenterol. 1996 Jul;91(7):1309-11. Review. PMID 8677984</ref>
==Treatment==
[[Radiation proctitis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Radiation proctitis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Radiation proctitis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Radiation proctitis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Radiation proctitis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] [[Radiation proctitis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]


====Chronic radiation proctitis====
==Case Studies==
[[Image:Radiation proctitis APC.jpg|center|thumb|200px|[[Colonoscopy|Endoscopic]] image of radiation proctitis before and after therapy with [[argon plasma coagulation]].]]
 
Symptoms may begin as early as several months after therapy but occasionally not until several years later. These symptoms include diarrhea, [[Hematochezia|rectal bleeding]], painful defecation, and intestinal blockage. Intestinal blockage is a result of [[Stenosis|narrowing]] of the rectum which blocks the flow of [[feces]]. Connections [[fistulae]] may also develop between the colon and other parts of the body such as the [[skin]] or [[urinary system]].
[[Radiation proctitis case study one|Case #1]]


==Treatment==
== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}


{{Gastroenterology}}
{{Gastroenterology}}
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Radiation oncology]]


[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Needs patient information]]
[[Category:Needs patient information]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Needs content]]


{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Surgery]]

Latest revision as of 23:51, 6 November 2019

For patient information, click here

Radiation proctitis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Radiation proctitis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Abdominal X Ray

CT

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Radiation proctitis On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Radiation proctitis

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Radiation proctitis

CDC on Radiation proctitis

Radiation proctitis in the news

Blogs on Radiation proctitis

Directions to Hospitals Treating Radiation proctitis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Radiation proctitis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rekha, M.D., Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Radiation colitis

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Radiation proctitis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Staging | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Abdominal X Ray | CT | MRI | Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1


Template:Gastroenterology


Template:WikiDoc Sources