Pulmonary edema natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Some patients may need to use a breathing machine for a long time, which may lead to damage to lung tissue.Kidney failure and damage to other major organs may occur if blood and oxygen flow are not restored promptly. If not treated, this condition can be fatal. If left untreated, acute pulmonary edema can lead to coma and even death, generally due to its main complication of hypoxia.

Natural History

Complications

Common complications of pulmonary edema include:

Prognosis

  • In-hospital mortality rates in a high-acuity setting, are 15-20%.

The prognosis for patients with acute pulmonary edema depends on the:[1]

  • Underlying cause
  • The patient's age
  • Comorbidities
  • The speed of diagnosis
  • Initiation of effective treatment

The following features are associated with a worse outcome:[1]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 "2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure | European Heart Journal | Oxford Academic".


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