Pott's disease medical therapy: Difference between revisions

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{{Pott's disease}}
{{Pott's disease}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{AKI}}
 
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==Overview==
==Overview==
Pott's disease can be treated with antituberculous drugs and should be closely monitored to assess the response to therapy and compliance with medication. To effectively treat Pott's disease, it is crucial that patients take their medications exactly as prescribed.
[[Pott's disease]] is treated with [[antituberculous]] drugs, for a duration of 6 months to 9 months. Patients must be closely monitored to assess the [[response to therapy]] and [[compliance]] with medication.


==Medical Therapy==
==Medical Therapy==
Treatment must be initiated in all patients as early as possible and waiting for the culture results should not delay the treatment. Empiric therapy must be initiated in all patients. Treatment options and duration of therapy is controversial.
Treatment must be initiated in all patients as early as possible and waiting for the [[culture]] results should not delay the [[treatment]], [[Empiric therapy]] must be initiated in all patients. Treatment options and duration of therapy is controversial.<ref name="pmid27559464">{{cite journal| author=Kandwal P, G V, Jayaswal A| title=Management of Tuberculous Infection of the Spine. | journal=Asian Spine J | year= 2016 | volume= 10 | issue= 4 | pages= 792-800 | pmid=27559464 | doi=10.4184/asj.2016.10.4.792 | pmc=4995267 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27559464  }} </ref>
   
===Duration of Therapy===
===Duration of Therapy===
====WHO Recommendations====
====WHO Recommendations====
*WHO recommends a 9 month duration of therapy with a initial 2-month intensive course combination of four first line drugs: isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, and pyrazinamide; followed by a continuation therapy.
*[[WHO]] recommends a 9 month duration of therapy with a initial 2-month intensive course combination of four first line drugs: [[isoniazid]], [[rifampicin]], [[streptomycin]], and [[pyrazinamide]]; followed by a 7 month continuation therapy.<ref name="urlCommunicable Diseases Module: 14. Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis">{{cite web |url=http://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=98%253f |title=Communicable Diseases Module: 14. Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
 
====American Thoracic Society Recommendations====
====American Thoracic Society Recommendations====
*The American Thoracic Society recommends 6 months of therapy in adults and 12 months in children.
*The [[American Thoracic Society]] recommends 6 months of therapy in adults and 12 months in children.<ref name="urlTreatment of Tuberculosis American Thoracic Society, CDC, and Infectious Diseases Society of America">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5211a1.htm |title=Treatment of Tuberculosis American Thoracic Society, CDC, and Infectious Diseases Society of America |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
 
====British Thoracic Society Recommendations====
====British Thoracic Society Recommendations====
*The British Thoracic Society recommends 6 months therapy; four drug regimen in the first 2 months with rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and with ethambutol or Streptomycin, followed by 4 months daily administration of rifampin and isoniazid.
*The [[British Thoracic Society]] recommends 6 months therapy; four drug regimen in the first 2 months with [[rifampicin]], [[isoniazid]], [[pyrazinamide]] and with [[ethambutol]] or [[Streptomycin]], followed by 4 months daily administration of [[rifampin]] and [[isoniazid]].<ref name="urlTuberculosis | recommendations | Guidance and guidelines | NICE">{{cite web |url=https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng33/chapter/Recommendations |title=Tuberculosis &#124; recommendations &#124; Guidance and guidelines &#124; NICE |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
*Corticosteriods can be used only in cases with spinal arachnoiditis or nonosseous spinal tuberculosis.
*[[Corticosteriods]] should be used only in cases with spinal [[arachnoiditis]] or nonosseous spinal [[tuberculosis]].<ref name="pmid27121755">{{cite journal| author=Prasad K, Singh MB, Ryan H| title=Corticosteroids for managing tuberculous meningitis. | journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev | year= 2016 | volume= 4 | issue=  | pages= CD002244 | pmid=27121755 | doi=10.1002/14651858.CD002244.pub4 | pmc=4916936 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27121755  }} </ref>
 
===Treatment Regimen===
===Treatment Regimen===
*'''Intensive phase'''
*'''Intensive phase'''
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===Response to Treatment===
===Response to Treatment===
Clinically, reduction in pain, improvement of neurological deficit and correction of spine deformity indicate response to treatment.
Clinically, reduction in [[pain]], improvement of [[neurological deficit]] and correction of [[spine deformity]] indicate [[response to treatment]].<ref name="pmid27241442">{{cite journal| author=Sharma A, Chhabra HS, Chabra T, Mahajan R, Batra S, Sangondimath G| title=Demographics of tuberculosis of spine and factors affecting neurological improvement in patients suffering from tuberculosis of spine: a retrospective analysis of 312 cases. | journal=Spinal Cord | year= 2017 | volume= 55 | issue= 1 | pages= 59-63 | pmid=27241442 | doi=10.1038/sc.2016.85 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27241442  }} </ref>


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Vertebral column disorders]]
[[Category:Vertebral column disorders]]
[[Category:Tuberculosis]]
[[Category:Tuberculosis]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
 
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
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Latest revision as of 18:47, 18 September 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Pott's disease is treated with antituberculous drugs, for a duration of 6 months to 9 months. Patients must be closely monitored to assess the response to therapy and compliance with medication.

Medical Therapy

Treatment must be initiated in all patients as early as possible and waiting for the culture results should not delay the treatment, Empiric therapy must be initiated in all patients. Treatment options and duration of therapy is controversial.[1]

Duration of Therapy

WHO Recommendations

American Thoracic Society Recommendations

British Thoracic Society Recommendations

Treatment Regimen

  • Intensive phase
    • Preferred regimen: Isoniazid 300 mg PO (5 mg/kg/day) qd for 8 weeks AND Rifampicin 600 mg PO (10 mg/kg/day) qd for 8 weeks AND Pyrazinamide 2 g PO (25 mg/kg/day) qd for 8 weeks AND Ethambutol 1.6 g PO (15 mg/kg/day) qd for 8 weeks
  • Continuation phase
    • Preferred regimen (1): Isoniazid 300 mg PO (5 mg/kg/day) qd AND Rifampicin 600 mg PO (10 mg/kg/day) qd for 18 weeks
    • Preferred regimen (2): Isoniazid 300 mg PO twice weekly (5 mg/kg/day) AND Rifampicin 600 mg/day PO twice weekly (10 mg/kg/day) for 18 weeks

Response to Treatment

Clinically, reduction in pain, improvement of neurological deficit and correction of spine deformity indicate response to treatment.[6]

References

  1. Kandwal P, G V, Jayaswal A (2016). "Management of Tuberculous Infection of the Spine". Asian Spine J. 10 (4): 792–800. doi:10.4184/asj.2016.10.4.792. PMC 4995267. PMID 27559464.
  2. "Communicable Diseases Module: 14. Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis".
  3. "Treatment of Tuberculosis American Thoracic Society, CDC, and Infectious Diseases Society of America".
  4. "Tuberculosis | recommendations | Guidance and guidelines | NICE".
  5. Prasad K, Singh MB, Ryan H (2016). "Corticosteroids for managing tuberculous meningitis". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 4: CD002244. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002244.pub4. PMC 4916936. PMID 27121755.
  6. Sharma A, Chhabra HS, Chabra T, Mahajan R, Batra S, Sangondimath G (2017). "Demographics of tuberculosis of spine and factors affecting neurological improvement in patients suffering from tuberculosis of spine: a retrospective analysis of 312 cases". Spinal Cord. 55 (1): 59–63. doi:10.1038/sc.2016.85. PMID 27241442.

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