Portal hypertension: Difference between revisions

	Portal Hypertension Microchapters
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Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Portal Hypertension from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
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Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
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	Portal hypertension;
	The portal vein and its tributaries- By Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 18:23, 16 February 2018

For the patient information page on this topic, click here.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords:Hypertension of portal system, Portal vein hypertension, Portal high blood pressure, Portal vein high pressure.

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Portal Hypertension from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Case Studies

Case #1

Template:Gastroenterology de:Portale Hypertension sv:Portahypertension

Template:WikiDoc Sources

References

↑ <"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AGray591.png">via Wikimedia Commons

[1] <"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AGray591.png">via Wikimedia Commons

[1]

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 __NOTOC__
 {{Infobox_Disease |
    Name           = {{PAGENAME}} |
    Image          = Gray591.png |
-   Caption        = The portal vein and its tributaries. |
+   Caption        = The portal vein and its tributaries- By Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons<ref><"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AGray591.png">via Wikimedia Commons</ref>|
 }}
+'''For the patient information page on this topic, click [[Portal hypertension (patient information)|here]].'''
 {{Portal hypertension}}
-{{CMG}},'''Assistant Editor-in-Chief:''' [[User:Soumya Sachdeva|Soumya Sachdeva]]
-__NOTOC__
-==Pathophysiology==
-==Natural History and Complications==
+{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{EG}}
-==Diagnosis==
+{{SK}}Hypertension of portal system, Portal vein hypertension, Portal high blood pressure, Portal vein high pressure.
-===Investigations===
-# Barim swallow - presence of varices is seen as filling defects(bag of worms appearnace)
-# Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy - presence of cherry red spots.Very reliable
-# Ultrasonography - to note the size of liver,spleen,poratl vein,splenic vein and to look for the presence of collaterals
-# Hepatic venous pressure drainage measurement - Gold standard for measuring portal hypertension.If ore than 5 mmHg it is considered as significant
-# Portal venography - patency and the calibre of portal vein and splenic vein , presence of collaterals
-# Liver function tests for liver diseases
-# Proctoscopy - rectal varices
-# Barium enema - colonic varices
-'''Patient #1'''
-<gallery>
+==[[Portal hypertension overview|Overview]]==
-Image:
-Portal-venous-hypertension-001.jpg
+==[[Portal hypertension historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
-Image:
+==[[Portal hypertension classification|Classification]]==
-Portal-venous-hypertension-002.jpg
+==[[Portal hypertension pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
-Image:
+==[[Portal hypertension causes|Causes]]==
-Portal-venous-hypertension-003.jpg
+==[[Portal hypertension differential diagnosis|Differentiating Portal Hypertension from other Diseases]]==
-Image:
+==[[Portal hypertension epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
-Portal-venous-hypertension-004.jpg
+==[[Portal hypertension risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
-</gallery>
+==[[Portal hypertension screening|Screening]]==
-'''Patient #2: Recanalized umbilican vein'''
+==[[Portal hypertension natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
-<gallery>
+==Diagnosis==
-Image:
-Uv1.jpg
+[[Portal hypertension history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Portal hypertension physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Portal hypertension laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Portal hypertension electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Portal hypertension x ray|X Ray]] | [[Portal hypertension CT|CT]] | [[Portal hypertension MRI|MRI]] | [[Portal hypertension ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Portal hypertension other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Portal hypertension other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
-Image:
-Uv2.jpg
-Image:
-Uv3.jpg
-Image:
-Uv4.jpg
-Image:
-Uv5.jpg
-Image:
-Uv6.jpg
-</gallery>
 ==Treatment==
-===Medical management===
-Treatment with a non-selective [[beta blocker]] is often commenced once [[portal hypertension]] has been diagnosed, and almost always if there has already been bleeding from esophageal varices. Typically, this is done with either [[propranolol]] or [[nadolol]]. The addition of a [[nitrate]], such as [[isosorbide mononitrate]], to the [[beta blocker]] is more effective than using beta blockers alone and may be the preferred regimen in those people with portal [[hypertension]] who have already experienced variceal bleeding. In acute or severe complications of the [[hypertension]], such as bleeding varices, intravenous [[octreotide]] (a [[somatostatin]] analogue) or intravenous [[terlipressin]] (an [[antidiuretic hormone]] analogue) is commenced to decrease the portal pressure.
-===Percutaneous interventions===
-[[Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt]]ing is the creation of a connection between the portal and the venous system. As the pressure over the venous system is lower than over a hypertensive portal system, this would decrease the pressure over the portal system and a decreased risk of complications.
-===Surgical interventions===
+[[Portal hypertension medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Portal hypertension surgery|Surgery]] | [[Portal hypertension primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] |  [[Portal hypertension secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Portal hypertension cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] |
-*[[Distal splenorenal shunt procedure|Distal splenorenal shunt]]
+[[Portal hypertension future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
-*[[Liver transplant]]
-The most definitive treatment of portal hypertension is a [[liver transplant]].
+==Case Studies==
-== References ==
+[[Portal hypertension case study one|Case #1]]
-{{Reflist}}
-==External links==
-* {{Chorus|00863}}
 {{Gastroenterology}}
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 {{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
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+==References==
 [[Category:Gastroenterology]]
 [[Category:Hepatology]]
 [[Category:Disease]]
+[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
+[[Category:Up-To-Date]]


Portal hypertension
The portal vein and its tributaries- By Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons^[1]