Nutcracker esophagus history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
m (Formatting)
 
(One intermediate revision by one other user not shown)
Line 2: Line 2:
{{Nutcracker esophagus}}
{{Nutcracker esophagus}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}
==Overview==
==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==
[[Image:Peristaltic.jpg|left|thumb|Time space graph of normal [[peristalsis]].  '''Nutcracker esophagus''' shows higher amplitude contractions (Z-axis) that take longer to pass (X-axis)]]
[[Image:Peristaltic.jpg|left|thumb|Time space graph of normal [[peristalsis]].  '''Nutcracker esophagus''' shows higher amplitude contractions (Z-axis) that take longer to pass (X-axis)]]
Nutcracker esophagus is characterized as a [[motility]] disorder of the [[esophagus]], meaning that it is caused by abnormal movement, or [[peristalsis]] of the esophagus.<ref name=Castell>{{cite journal | author = Tutuian R, Castell D | title = Esophageal motility disorders (distal esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, and hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter): modern management | journal = Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol | volume = 9 | issue = 4 | pages = 283-94 | year = 2006 | id = PMID 16836947}}</ref>Patients with motility disorders present with two key symptoms: either with ''[[chest pain]]'' (typically given termed as non-cardiac chest pain as it is esophageal in origin), which is usually found in disorders of spasm, or with ''[[dysphagia]]'', or difficulty swallowing.  Nutcracker esophagus can present with either of these, but chest pain is the more common presentation.<!--
Nutcracker esophagus is characterized as a [[motility]] disorder of the [[esophagus]], meaning that it is caused by abnormal movement, or [[peristalsis]] of the esophagus.<ref name=Castell>{{cite journal | author = Tutuian R, Castell D | title = Esophageal motility disorders (distal esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, and hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter): modern management | journal = Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol | volume = 9 | issue = 4 | pages = 283-94 | year = 2006 | id = PMID 16836947}}</ref> Patients with motility disorders present with two key symptoms: either with [[chest pain]] (typically given termed as non-cardiac chest pain as it is esophageal in origin), which is usually found in disorders of spasm, or with [[dysphagia]], or difficulty swallowing.  Nutcracker esophagus can present with either of these, but chest pain is the more common presentation.<!--
     --><ref name=Fass>{{cite journal | author = Fass R, Dickman R | title = Nutcracker esophagus--a nut hard to swallow | journal = J Clin Gastroenterol | volume = 40 | issue = 6 | pages = 464-6 | year = 2006 | id = PMID 16825926}}</ref>  <!--
     --><ref name=Fass>{{cite journal | author = Fass R, Dickman R | title = Nutcracker esophagus--a nut hard to swallow | journal = J Clin Gastroenterol | volume = 40 | issue = 6 | pages = 464-6 | year = 2006 | id = PMID 16825926}}</ref>  <!--
-->The symptoms of nutcracker esophagus are intermittent, and may occur with or without food.<ref name=Castell/>  Rarely patients can present with a sudden obstruction of the esophagus after eating food (termed a food bolus obstruction, or the ''steakhouse syndrome'') requiring urgent [[endoscopic foreign body retrieval|treatment]].<!--
-->The symptoms of nutcracker esophagus are intermittent, and may occur with or without food.<ref name=Castell/>  Rarely patients can present with a sudden obstruction of the esophagus after eating food (termed a food bolus obstruction, or the steakhouse syndrome) requiring urgent [[endoscopic foreign body retrieval|treatment]].<!--
     --><ref name=Impaction>{{cite journal | author = Breumelhof R, Van Wijk H, Van Es C, Smout A | title = Food impaction in nutcracker esophagus. | journal = Dig Dis Sci | volume = 35 | issue = 9 | pages = 1167-71 | year = 1990 | id = PMID 2390932}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author = Chae H, Lee T, Kim Y, Lee C, Kim S, Han S, Choi K, Chung I, Sun H | title = Two cases of steakhouse syndrome associated with nutcracker esophagus. | journal = Dis Esophagus | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 330-3 | year = 2002 | id = PMID 12472482}}</ref>  <!--
     --><ref name=Impaction>{{cite journal | author = Breumelhof R, Van Wijk H, Van Es C, Smout A | title = Food impaction in nutcracker esophagus. | journal = Dig Dis Sci | volume = 35 | issue = 9 | pages = 1167-71 | year = 1990 | id = PMID 2390932}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author = Chae H, Lee T, Kim Y, Lee C, Kim S, Han S, Choi K, Chung I, Sun H | title = Two cases of steakhouse syndrome associated with nutcracker esophagus. | journal = Dis Esophagus | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 330-3 | year = 2002 | id = PMID 12472482}}</ref>  <!--
-->The disorder also does not progress to produce worsening symptoms or complications, unlike other motility disorders, such as [[achalasia]], or anatomical abnormalities of the esophagus, such as [[stricture|peptic strictures]] or [[esophageal cancer]].<!--
-->The disorder also does not progress to produce worsening symptoms or complications, unlike other motility disorders, such as [[achalasia]], or anatomical abnormalities of the esophagus, such as [[stricture|peptic strictures]] or [[esophageal cancer]].<!--
Line 26: Line 29:
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]

Latest revision as of 18:16, 8 July 2016

Nutcracker esophagus Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Nutcracker esophagus from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X Ray

CT

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Nutcracker esophagus history and symptoms On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Nutcracker esophagus history and symptoms

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Nutcracker esophagus history and symptoms

CDC on Nutcracker esophagus history and symptoms

Nutcracker esophagus history and symptoms in the news

Blogs on Nutcracker esophagus history and symptoms

Directions to Hospitals Treating Nutcracker esophagus

Risk calculators and risk factors for Nutcracker esophagus history and symptoms

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

History and Symptoms

Time space graph of normal peristalsis. Nutcracker esophagus shows higher amplitude contractions (Z-axis) that take longer to pass (X-axis)

Nutcracker esophagus is characterized as a motility disorder of the esophagus, meaning that it is caused by abnormal movement, or peristalsis of the esophagus.[1] Patients with motility disorders present with two key symptoms: either with chest pain (typically given termed as non-cardiac chest pain as it is esophageal in origin), which is usually found in disorders of spasm, or with dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing. Nutcracker esophagus can present with either of these, but chest pain is the more common presentation.[2] The symptoms of nutcracker esophagus are intermittent, and may occur with or without food.[1] Rarely patients can present with a sudden obstruction of the esophagus after eating food (termed a food bolus obstruction, or the steakhouse syndrome) requiring urgent treatment.[3][4] The disorder also does not progress to produce worsening symptoms or complications, unlike other motility disorders, such as achalasia, or anatomical abnormalities of the esophagus, such as peptic strictures or esophageal cancer.[5]

Many patients with nutcracker esophagus do not have any symptoms at all, as esophageal manometry studies done on patients without symptoms may show the same motility findings as nutcracker esophagus.[1][6]

Nutcracker esophagus may also be associated with the metabolic syndrome,[7] obesity,[8] and gastroesophageal reflux disease.[9] It is uncertain what the effects of treating the underlying conditions will have on improvement of symptoms.[10] The incidence of nutcracker esophagus in all patients is uncertain.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Tutuian R, Castell D (2006). "Esophageal motility disorders (distal esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, and hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter): modern management". Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol. 9 (4): 283–94. PMID 16836947.
  2. Fass R, Dickman R (2006). "Nutcracker esophagus--a nut hard to swallow". J Clin Gastroenterol. 40 (6): 464–6. PMID 16825926.
  3. Breumelhof R, Van Wijk H, Van Es C, Smout A (1990). "Food impaction in nutcracker esophagus". Dig Dis Sci. 35 (9): 1167–71. PMID 2390932.
  4. Chae H, Lee T, Kim Y, Lee C, Kim S, Han S, Choi K, Chung I, Sun H (2002). "Two cases of steakhouse syndrome associated with nutcracker esophagus". Dis Esophagus. 15 (4): 330–3. PMID 12472482.
  5. Dalton C, Castell D, Richter J (1988). "The changing faces of the nutcracker esophagus". Am J Gastroenterol. 83 (6): 623–8. PMID 3376915.
  6. Adler D, Romero Y (2001). "Primary esophageal motility disorders". Mayo Clin Proc. 76 (2): 195–200. PMID 11213308.
  7. Börjesson M, Albertsson P, Dellborg M, Eliasson T, Pilhall M, Rolny P, Mannheimer C (1998). "Esophageal dysfunction in syndrome X.". Am J Cardiol. 82 (10): 1187–91. PMID 9832092.
  8. Hong D, Khajanchee Y, Pereira N, Lockhart B, Patterson E, Swanstrom L. "Manometric abnormalities and gastroesophageal reflux disease in the morbidly obese". Obes Surg. 14 (6): 744–9. PMID 15318976.
  9. Fang J, Bjorkman D (2002). "Nutcracker esophagus: GERD or an esophageal motility disorder". Am J Gastroenterol. 97 (6): 1556–7. PMID 12094884.
  10. Borjesson M, Rolny P, Mannheimer C, Pilhall M (2003). "Nutcracker oesophagus: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study of the effects of lansoprazole". Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 18 (11–12): 1129–35. PMID 14653833.

Template:WH Template:WS