Nephritic syndrome classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, Serge Korjian

Overview

Acute nephritic syndrome can be classified according to the etiology of the underlying disease (renal vs. non-renal etiology). Similarly, acute nephritis may be classified as idiopathic vs. secondary to other conditions. Finally, diseases may be classified according to the proliferative vs. non-proliferative changes seen on pathology.

Classification

Renal vs. Non Renal

Renal Diseases

• Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
• Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis - Type 1 and 2
• IgA nephropathy
• Idiopathic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
  • Anti-GBM disease
  • Pauci-immune disease
  • Immune-deposit disease

Systemic Diseases

• Systemic lupus erythematosus
• Cryoglobulinemia
• Subacute bacterial endocarditis
• "Shunt" nephritis
• Polyarteritis nodosa
• Wegener granulomatosis
• Hypersensitivity vasculitis
• Henoch-Schonlein purpura
• Goodpasture's syndrome
• Visceral abscesses

Primary vs. Secondary

Classification of Glomerular Diseases

Type of Disorder	Proliferative Changes	No Proliferative Changes
Primary Renal Disorder	IgA nephropathy IgM nephropathy Other mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritides Crescentic glomerulonephritis With immune deposits Pauci-immune Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis	Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis Membranous glomerulopathy Minimal-change disease Thin basement membrane disease
Secondary Disorder	Lupus nephritis Post-infectious glomerulonephritis Glomerulonephritis related to hepatitis B or C Systemic vasculitides Wegener's granulomatosis Polyarteritis nodosa Henoch-Schonlein purpura Idiopathic	Diabetic nephropathy Amyloidosis Light-chain nephropathy Human immunodeficiency virus nephropathy Alport's syndrome Drug-induced glomerulopathies

^{Adapted from Hricik DE, Chung-Park M, Sedor JR. Glomerulonephritis. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(13):888-99}