Myelodysplastic syndrome pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nawal Muazam M.D.[2]

Overview

On microscopic histopathological analysis, dyserythropoiesis, dysgranulopoiesis, and dysmegakaryocytopoiesis are findings of myelodysplastic syndrome.[1]

Pathophysiology

Pathogenesis

Genetics

Associated conditions

Myelodysplastic syndrome may be associated with:[2]

  • Fanconi syndrome
  • Diamond-blackfan syndrome
  • Shwachman-diamond syndrome

Gross Pathology

On gross pathology, a well , subcapsular tumor may be suggestive of myelodysplastic syndrome.[3]

Microscopic Pathology

On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of myelodysplastic syndrome include:[1]

  • Dyserythropoiesis
  • Dysgranulopoiesis
  • Dysmegakaryocytopoiesis

Dyserythropoiesis

  • Abnormal RBC formation

Nuclear features

  • Nuclear budding
  • Intranuclear bridging (nuclei fail to separate post-division)
  • Multinucleation
  • Megablastoid change
  • May be hard to see
  • Karyorrhexis (nuclear fragmentation)

Cytoplasmic features

Dysgranulopoiesis

Nuclear features

Cytoplasmic features

Dysmegakaryocytopoiesis

Nuclear features

Gallery

Immunohistochemistry

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Histologic features of myelodysplastic syndromes. Librepathology (2015). http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Myelodysplastic_syndromes. Accessed on December 8, 2015
  2. Associations of myelodysplastic syndromes. Librepathology (2015). http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Myelodysplastic_syndromes. Accessed on December 8, 2015
  3. Associations of myelodysplastic syndromes. Librepathology (2015). http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Myelodysplastic_syndromes. Accessed on December 8, 2015


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