Microsporidiosis risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [3]

Overview

Poor sanitary conditions, poor/unsafe water supply, immunocompromised states from HIV infection and exposure to animals have been implicated in the transmission of microsporidia infection.[1][2]

Risk Factors

Risk factors

Immunodeficiency is the most important risk factor for developing microsporidiosis. Microsporidiosis is almost always reported in immunodeficient patients.

Risk factors among HIV patients

Intestinal microsporidiosis in persons with HIV infection have been linked with:[3]

  • Severe immunodeficiency with CD4 count < 100.
  • male homosexuality
  • swimming in pools
  • Poor sanitation
  • Contact with poultry droppings

References

  1. Didier ES, Weiss LM (2006). "Microsporidiosis: current status". Curr Opin Infect Dis. 19 (5): 485–92. doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000244055.46382.23. PMC 3109650. PMID 16940873.
  2. Anuar TS, Bakar NH, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Moktar N, Osman E (2016). "PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR ASYMPTOMATIC INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS AMONG ABORIGINAL SCHOOL CHILDREN IN PAHANG, MALAYSIA". Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 47 (3): 441–9. PMID 27405127.
  3. Hutin YJ, Sombardier MN, Liguory O, Sarfati C, Derouin F, Modaï J; et al. (1998). "Risk factors for intestinal microsporidiosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a case-control study". J Infect Dis. 178 (3): 904–7. PMID 9728570.

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