Mastoiditis primary prevention

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Preventing mastoiditis primarily involves preventing development of otitis media and nasopharyngitis. This is achieved by the pneumococcal and influenza vaccines, frequent washing of hands, and avoiding fluid transmission and respiratory droplets from nasopharyngitis patients. Preventing exposure to air pollution and potential middle ear irritants, such as secondhand smoke, contributes to preventing otitis media. For infants, preventive measures include avoiding pacifiers, avoiding daycare enrollment, and breastfeeding until at least 6 months of age. A prophylactic regimen of antibiotics can prevent otitis media in at-risk infants and children.

Primary Prevention

Preventive measures for mastoiditis involve, preventing the development of otitis media and nasopharyngitis from infectious pathogens:

  • Avoiding first or secondhand smoke or other air pollutants with potential for middle ear irritation.[2]
  • Avoiding use of pacifiers in infants.
  • Avoiding enrollment in daycares.
  • Breastfeeding infants until at least 6 months of age.[3]

Administering a prophylactic antibiotic regimen for children at risk for developing recurrent otitis media (such as immunosuppressed children, genetically susceptible):

References

  1. Lieberthal AS, Carroll AE, Chonmaitree T, Ganiats TG, Hoberman A, Jackson MA, Joffe MD, Miller DT, Rosenfeld RM, Sevilla XD, Schwartz RH, Thomas PA, Tunkel DE (2013). "The diagnosis and management of acute otitis media". Pediatrics. 131 (3): e964–99. doi:10.1542/peds.2012-3488. PMID 23439909.
  2. "Ear infection - acute: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia".
  3. Sabirov A, Casey JR, Murphy TF, Pichichero ME (2009). "Breast-feeding is associated with a reduced frequency of acute otitis media and high serum antibody levels against NTHi and outer membrane protein vaccine antigen candidate P6". Pediatr. Res. 66 (5): 565–70. doi:10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181b4f8a6. PMC 2783794. PMID 19581824.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Leach AJ, Morris PS (2006). "Antibiotics for the prevention of acute and chronic suppurative otitis media in children". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (4): CD004401. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004401.pub2. PMID 17054203.

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