Hypoglycemia epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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{{Hypoglycemia}} | {{Hypoglycemia}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{MAD}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{MAD}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Patients with [[Diabetes mellitus type 1|type 1 diabetes]] may suffer an average of two episodes of symptomatic hypoglycemia per week, thousands of such episodes over a lifetime of [[Diabetes mellitus|diabetes]], and one episode of severe symptoms per year. Hypoglycemia is less frequent in [[Diabetes mellitus type 2|type 2 diabetes]] than it is in type1. Event rate for severe hypoglycemia range from 40 to 100 percent of those in [[Diabetes mellitus type 1|type 1 diabetes]]. There is no racial or gender predilection of hypoglycemia. | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
* | |||
=== Incidence and prevalence === | |||
* Hypoglycemia is less frequent in type 2 diabetes than it is in type1.<ref name="pmid19033403">{{cite journal| author=Cryer PE| title=The barrier of hypoglycemia in diabetes. | journal=Diabetes | year= 2008 | volume= 57 | issue= 12 | pages= 3169-76 | pmid=19033403 | doi=10.2337/db08-1084 | pmc=2584119 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19033403 }}</ref> | * Worldwide, the [[incidence]] of severe hypoglycemia event was 4800 per 100.000 patient per year and of moderate events was 13100 per 100.000 patient per year.<ref name="pmid17415551">{{cite journal| author=UK Hypoglycaemia Study Group| title=Risk of hypoglycaemia in types 1 and 2 diabetes: effects of treatment modalities and their duration. | journal=Diabetologia | year= 2007 | volume= 50 | issue= 6 | pages= 1140-7 | pmid=17415551 | doi=10.1007/s00125-007-0599-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17415551 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9028688">{{cite journal| author=Davis EA, Keating B, Byrne GC, Russell M, Jones TW| title=Hypoglycemia: incidence and clinical predictors in a large population-based sample of children and adolescents with IDDM. | journal=Diabetes Care | year= 1997 | volume= 20 | issue= 1 | pages= 22-5 | pmid=9028688 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9028688 }}</ref> | ||
* Event rate for severe in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes is approximately 30 | * Rates of hypoglycemia were increased in children < 6 years of age. | ||
* Event rate for severe hypoglycemia | |||
* Frequency of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 | * Patients with [[Diabetes mellitus type 1|type 1 diabetes]] may have increased frequency of symptomatic hypoglycemia which may include one severe episode per year. | ||
* Hypoglycemia is uncommon in individuals who do not have drug-treated diabetes mellitus.<ref name="pmid10500928">{{cite journal| author=Service FJ| title=Classification of hypoglycemic disorders. | journal=Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am | year= 1999 | volume= 28 | issue= 3 | pages= 501-17, vi | pmid=10500928 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10500928 }}</ref> | * Hypoglycemia is less frequent in [[type 2 diabetes]] than it is in [[Diabetes mellitus type 2|type1]].<ref name="pmid19033403">{{cite journal| author=Cryer PE| title=The barrier of hypoglycemia in diabetes. | journal=Diabetes | year= 2008 | volume= 57 | issue= 12 | pages= 3169-76 | pmid=19033403 | doi=10.2337/db08-1084 | pmc=2584119 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19033403 }}</ref> | ||
* Event rate (the proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus in whom the event is observed) for severe hypoglycemia in [[insulin]]-treated [[Diabetes mellitus type 2|type 2 diabetes]] is approximately 30% of that in [[Diabetes mellitus type 1|type 1]].<ref name="pmid15910627">{{cite journal| author=Donnelly LA, Morris AD, Frier BM, Ellis JD, Donnan PT, Durrant R et al.| title=Frequency and predictors of hypoglycaemia in Type 1 and insulin-treated Type 2 diabetes: a population-based study. | journal=Diabet Med | year= 2005 | volume= 22 | issue= 6 | pages= 749-55 | pmid=15910627 | doi=10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01501.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15910627 }}</ref> | |||
* Event rate for severe hypoglycemia ranges from 40 to 100 percent of patients with [[Diabetes mellitus type 1|type 1 diabetes]].<ref name="pmid12663593">{{cite journal| author=Leese GP, Wang J, Broomhall J, Kelly P, Marsden A, Morrison W et al.| title=Frequency of severe hypoglycemia requiring emergency treatment in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a population-based study of health service resource use. | journal=Diabetes Care | year= 2003 | volume= 26 | issue= 4 | pages= 1176-80 | pmid=12663593 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12663593 }}</ref> | |||
* Frequency of hypoglycemia in patients with [[Diabetes mellitus type 2|type 2 diabetes]] is the same as [[Diabetes mellitus type 1|type 1 diabetes]], as [[insulin]] deficiency occurs at the end in [[Diabetes mellitus type 2|DM type 2]] and require aggressive treatment with [[insulin]].<ref name="pmid190334032">{{cite journal| author=Cryer PE| title=The barrier of hypoglycemia in diabetes. | journal=Diabetes | year= 2008 | volume= 57 | issue= 12 | pages= 3169-76 | pmid=19033403 | doi=10.2337/db08-1084 | pmc=2584119 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19033403 }}</ref> | |||
* Hypoglycemia is uncommon in individuals who do not have drug-treated [[diabetes mellitus]].<ref name="pmid10500928">{{cite journal| author=Service FJ| title=Classification of hypoglycemic disorders. | journal=Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am | year= 1999 | volume= 28 | issue= 3 | pages= 501-17, vi | pmid=10500928 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10500928 }}</ref> | |||
=== Age === | |||
* Hypoglycemia commonly affects patients with [[type 2 diabetes]]. So, the risk of severe hypoglycemia is low in the first few years (7%) and that risk increases to 25% later in the course of diabetes according to the UK Hypoglycemia Study.<ref name="pmid174155512">{{cite journal| author=UK Hypoglycaemia Study Group| title=Risk of hypoglycaemia in types 1 and 2 diabetes: effects of treatment modalities and their duration. | journal=Diabetologia | year= 2007 | volume= 50 | issue= 6 | pages= 1140-7 | pmid=17415551 | doi=10.1007/s00125-007-0599-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17415551 }}</ref> | |||
=== Gender === | |||
* There is no gender predilection of hypoglycemia. | |||
=== Race === | |||
* There is no racial predilection of hypoglycemia. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:28, 15 November 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]
Overview
Patients with type 1 diabetes may suffer an average of two episodes of symptomatic hypoglycemia per week, thousands of such episodes over a lifetime of diabetes, and one episode of severe symptoms per year. Hypoglycemia is less frequent in type 2 diabetes than it is in type1. Event rate for severe hypoglycemia range from 40 to 100 percent of those in type 1 diabetes. There is no racial or gender predilection of hypoglycemia.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence and prevalence
- Worldwide, the incidence of severe hypoglycemia event was 4800 per 100.000 patient per year and of moderate events was 13100 per 100.000 patient per year.[1][2]
- Rates of hypoglycemia were increased in children < 6 years of age.
- Patients with type 1 diabetes may have increased frequency of symptomatic hypoglycemia which may include one severe episode per year.
- Hypoglycemia is less frequent in type 2 diabetes than it is in type1.[3]
- Event rate (the proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus in whom the event is observed) for severe hypoglycemia in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes is approximately 30% of that in type 1.[4]
- Event rate for severe hypoglycemia ranges from 40 to 100 percent of patients with type 1 diabetes.[5]
- Frequency of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes is the same as type 1 diabetes, as insulin deficiency occurs at the end in DM type 2 and require aggressive treatment with insulin.[6]
- Hypoglycemia is uncommon in individuals who do not have drug-treated diabetes mellitus.[7]
Age
- Hypoglycemia commonly affects patients with type 2 diabetes. So, the risk of severe hypoglycemia is low in the first few years (7%) and that risk increases to 25% later in the course of diabetes according to the UK Hypoglycemia Study.[8]
Gender
- There is no gender predilection of hypoglycemia.
Race
- There is no racial predilection of hypoglycemia.
References
- ↑ UK Hypoglycaemia Study Group (2007). "Risk of hypoglycaemia in types 1 and 2 diabetes: effects of treatment modalities and their duration". Diabetologia. 50 (6): 1140–7. doi:10.1007/s00125-007-0599-y. PMID 17415551.
- ↑ Davis EA, Keating B, Byrne GC, Russell M, Jones TW (1997). "Hypoglycemia: incidence and clinical predictors in a large population-based sample of children and adolescents with IDDM". Diabetes Care. 20 (1): 22–5. PMID 9028688.
- ↑ Cryer PE (2008). "The barrier of hypoglycemia in diabetes". Diabetes. 57 (12): 3169–76. doi:10.2337/db08-1084. PMC 2584119. PMID 19033403.
- ↑ Donnelly LA, Morris AD, Frier BM, Ellis JD, Donnan PT, Durrant R; et al. (2005). "Frequency and predictors of hypoglycaemia in Type 1 and insulin-treated Type 2 diabetes: a population-based study". Diabet Med. 22 (6): 749–55. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01501.x. PMID 15910627.
- ↑ Leese GP, Wang J, Broomhall J, Kelly P, Marsden A, Morrison W; et al. (2003). "Frequency of severe hypoglycemia requiring emergency treatment in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a population-based study of health service resource use". Diabetes Care. 26 (4): 1176–80. PMID 12663593.
- ↑ Cryer PE (2008). "The barrier of hypoglycemia in diabetes". Diabetes. 57 (12): 3169–76. doi:10.2337/db08-1084. PMC 2584119. PMID 19033403.
- ↑ Service FJ (1999). "Classification of hypoglycemic disorders". Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 28 (3): 501–17, vi. PMID 10500928.
- ↑ UK Hypoglycaemia Study Group (2007). "Risk of hypoglycaemia in types 1 and 2 diabetes: effects of treatment modalities and their duration". Diabetologia. 50 (6): 1140–7. doi:10.1007/s00125-007-0599-y. PMID 17415551.