Hemochromatosis physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Physical Examination

• Erectile dysfunction and hypogonadism
• Congestive heart failure, arrhythmias or pericarditis
• Deafness
• Dyskinesias, including Parkinsonian symptoms
• Dysfunction of certain endocrine organs:
  • Pancreatic gland, as above, manifesting as diabetes
  • Adrenal gland (leading to adrenal insufficiency)
  • Parathyroid gland (leading to hypocalcaemia)
  • Pituitary gland
  • Testes or ovary (leading to hypogonadism)
• A darkish color to the skin (see pigmentation, hence its name Diabete bronze )

Males are usually diagnosed after their forties, and women about a decade later, owing to regular iron loss by menstruation (which ceases in menopause). Cases of iron overload have been found in young children as well.

System involved	Organs	Symptom	Signs	Mechanisum
Nervous system	PNS	Parastheisa Loss of motor control	Loss of two point discrimination Hyporeflaxia decreased power	Axonal sensory motor polyneuropathy
	CNS	Abnormal gait Dementia	Dyskinesias(Parkinsonian syndrome Multiple sclerosis) Cognitive decline	Deposition of iron in basal ganglia
Endocrine	Pituitary gland	Menstrual abnormality Loss of libido Loss of body hair	Amenorreha Erictle ddysfuntion	Deposition of iron in Pituitary gland
	Thyroid gland	Fatigue	Signs of hypothyroidsium	Deposition of iron in Thyroid gland
	Pancreas	Polyuria polydipsia polyphagia	Polyuria polydipsia polyphagia	Deposition of iron in Pancreas
	Adrenal gland	Fatigue	Polyuria Hypotension	Deposition of iron in Adrenal gland
Dermatological	Skin	Cutaneous hyperpigmentation	Sun exposed affeced mostly with tan of melanin grey	iron damage skin, melanin hyperactivity responds thus color of melanin
Joints	Metacarpophalangeal Proximal interphalangeal wrist knee	Pain Stiffness	Decreased ROM Stiffness improve with rest	Deposition of iron in articular cartilage
Cardiovascular	Heart Blood vessels	Asymptomatic Heart failure palpitation Hypertension	Diastolic dysfunction Arrhythmias Dilated cardiomyopathy	Deposition of iron in cardiac tissue and blood vessels
Gastrointestinal	Liver	Fatigue Fatty diarrhea Itching Jaundice Weight loss	Hepatomegaly Liver failure Liver cancer	Deposition of iron in liver
	Gallbladder	Right upper abdominal pain	Tender hepatomegaly	Multiple blood transfusion leading to hemochromatosis