Hand-foot-and-mouth disease epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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== Overview ==
== Overview ==
Individual cases and outbreaks of HFMD occur worldwide, more frequently in summer and early autumn. In the recent past, major outbreaks of HFMD attributable to enterovirus 71 have been reported in some South East Asian countries (Malaysia, 1997; Taiwan, 1998).
Individual cases and outbreaks of HFMD occur worldwide, more frequently in summer and early autumn. In the recent past, major outbreaks of HFMD attributable to [[enterovirus]] 71 have been reported in some South East Asian countries (Malaysia, 1997; Taiwan, 1998).<ref name="pmid27618078">{{cite journal| author=Chang PC, Chen SC, Chen KT| title=The Current Status of the Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 Infections: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Molecular Epidemiology, and Vaccine Development. | journal=Int J Environ Res Public Health | year= 2016 | volume= 13 | issue= 9 | pages=  | pmid=27618078 | doi=10.3390/ijerph13090890 | pmc=5036723 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27618078  }} </ref>


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
HFMD occurs mainly in children under 10 years old, but may also occur in adults too. Everyone is at risk of infection, but not everyone who is infected becomes ill. Infants, children, and adolescents are more likely to be susceptible to infection and illness from these viruses, because they are less likely than adults to have antibodies and be immune from previous exposures to them. Infection results in immunity to the specific virus, but a second episode may occur following infection with a different member of the enterovirus group.
*In the Western Pacific Region, widespread epidemics have been reported in many countries, including Australia, Brunei Darussalam, China, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, and Vietnam.
 
*The epidemiology data on the hand foot mouth disease is limited in countries outside the Western Pacific Region.<ref name="urlwww.wpro.who.int">{{cite web |url=http://www.wpro.who.int/publications/docs/GuidancefortheclinicalmanagementofHFMD.pdf |title=www.wpro.who.int |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
''HMFD in the childcare setting:''
===Geography===
HFMD outbreaks in child care facilities occur most often in the summer and fall months, and usually coincide with an increased number of cases in the community.  
*In China, a total of 38,654 cases of hand foot mouth disease including deaths were reported in the month of February 2017.<ref name="urlwww.wpro.who.int">{{cite web |url=http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/hfmd_biweekly_20170314.pdf?ua=1 |title=www.wpro.who.int |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
 
*In Japan, 333 cases of hand foot mouth disease were reported in the month of February 2017.
CDC has no specific recommendations regarding the exclusion of children with HFMD from child care programs, schools, or other group settings.  Children are often excluded from group settings during the first few days of the illness, which may reduce the spread of infection, but will not completely interrupt it.  Exclusion of ill persons may not prevent additional cases since the virus may be excreted for weeks after the symptoms have disappeared. Also, some persons excreting the virus, including most adults, may have no symptoms.  Some benefit may be gained, however, by excluding children who have blisters in their mouths and drool or who have weeping lesions on their hands.
*In Vietnam, 705 cases of hand foot mouth disease were reported in the month of February 2017.
*In Singapore, 855 cases of hand foot mouth disease were reported in the month of February 2017.


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Viral diseases]]
[[Category:Disease]]
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[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]
[[Category:Otolaryngology]]

Latest revision as of 21:56, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Individual cases and outbreaks of HFMD occur worldwide, more frequently in summer and early autumn. In the recent past, major outbreaks of HFMD attributable to enterovirus 71 have been reported in some South East Asian countries (Malaysia, 1997; Taiwan, 1998).[1]

Epidemiology and Demographics

  • In the Western Pacific Region, widespread epidemics have been reported in many countries, including Australia, Brunei Darussalam, China, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, and Vietnam.
  • The epidemiology data on the hand foot mouth disease is limited in countries outside the Western Pacific Region.[2]

Geography

  • In China, a total of 38,654 cases of hand foot mouth disease including deaths were reported in the month of February 2017.[2]
  • In Japan, 333 cases of hand foot mouth disease were reported in the month of February 2017.
  • In Vietnam, 705 cases of hand foot mouth disease were reported in the month of February 2017.
  • In Singapore, 855 cases of hand foot mouth disease were reported in the month of February 2017.

References

  1. Chang PC, Chen SC, Chen KT (2016). "The Current Status of the Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 Infections: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Molecular Epidemiology, and Vaccine Development". Int J Environ Res Public Health. 13 (9). doi:10.3390/ijerph13090890. PMC 5036723. PMID 27618078.
  2. 2.0 2.1 "www.wpro.who.int" (PDF).

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