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==Overview==
==Overview==
Most patients with hairy cell leukemia are asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. If left untreated, most of the patients with hairy cell leukemia will gradually develop [[anemia]], recurrent infections, and recurrent [[bleeding]]. The complications of hairy cell leukemia are mainly due to [[bone marrow failure]].
Most patients with hairy cell leukemia are asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. If left untreated, most of the patients with hairy cell leukemia will gradually develop [[anemia]], recurrent infections, and [[bleeding]]. The complications of hairy cell leukemia are mainly due to [[bone marrow failure]].


==Natural History==
==Natural History==

Revision as of 20:08, 30 October 2015

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]

Overview

Most patients with hairy cell leukemia are asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. If left untreated, most of the patients with hairy cell leukemia will gradually develop anemia, recurrent infections, and bleeding. The complications of hairy cell leukemia are mainly due to bone marrow failure.

Natural History

  • Most patients with hairy cell leukemia are asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. If left untreated, most of the patients with hairy cell leukemia will gradually develop anemia, recurrent infections, and recurrent bleeding.[1][2][3]

Complications

  • Common complications of hairy cell leukemia include:[1][2][3]

Prognosis

  • Prognosis is generally good, and the 5-year survival rate of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is approximately 90%.[1][2][4]
  • Poor prognostic factors for hairy lymphocytic leukemia patients include old age, female gender, and African American race.[5]
  • The table below lists prognostic factors for hairy lymphocytic leukemia patients:[6]
Prognostic Factor Description
Age
  • Older age at the time of diagnosis is associated with a worse prognosis.
Gender
  • Female are associated with a worse prognosis when compared to males.
Race
  • African American individuals are associated with a worse prognosis.
Infections
  • A recent history of pneumonia or the presence of major infection at the time of diagnosis are associated with a worse prognosis.
Hepatomegaly
  • The presence of hepatomegaly is associated with a worse prognosis.
Hemoglobin concentration
  • A hemoglobin concentration of ≤10 g/dl is associated with a poor prognosis.
Reticulocyte count
  • A reticulocyte count of less than 1% is associated with a worse prognosis.
Neutrophil count
  • A neutrophil count ≤350/μl is associated with a worse prognosis.
Alkaline phosphatase

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Hairy cell leukemia. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairy_cell_leukemia#Signs_and_symptoms Accessed on October, 28 2015
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Hairy cell leukemia. National Cancer Institute (2015) http://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/hairy-cell-treatment-pdq Accessed on October, 28 2015
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 What is Hairy Cell Leukemia? Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation (2015) https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/about-hcl/what-is-hairy-cell-leukemia/ Accessed on October, 19 2015
  4. ↑ Statistics and outlook for hairy cell leukaemia. CANCER RESEARCH UK (2015) http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/hairy-cell-leukaemia/treatment/statistics-and-outlook-for-hairy-cell-leukaemia Accessed on October, 28 2015
  5. ↑ Rekha Chandran, Stuart K. Gardiner, Stephen D. Smith & Stephen E. Spurgeon (2013). "Improved survival in hairy cell leukaemia over three decades: a SEER database analysis of prognostic factors". British journal of haematology. 163 (3): 407–409. doi:10.1111/bjh.12490. PMID 23889044. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ Stewart DJ, Smith TL, Keating MJ, McCredie KB, Hersh EM, Quesada J, Freireich EJ (1984). "Prognostic factors in hairy cell leukemia (leukemic reticuloendotheliosis)". Cancer. 53 (5): 1198–1201. PMID 6692307.


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