HMGB2

High-mobility group box 2
PDB rendering based on 1ckt.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1ckt​, 1j3c​, 1j3d​, 1j3x​
Identifiers
Symbols	HMGB2 ; HMG2
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 37582
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

High-mobility group box 2, also known as HMGB2, is a human gene.

This gene encodes a member of the non-histone chromosomal high mobility group protein family. The proteins of this family are chromatin-associated and ubiquitously distributed in the nucleus of higher eukaryotic cells. In vitro studies have demonstrated that this protein is able to efficiently bend DNA and form DNA circles. These studies suggest a role in facilitating cooperative interactions between cis-acting proteins by promoting DNA flexibility. This protein was also reported to be involved in the final ligation step in DNA end-joining processes of DNA double-strand breaks repair and V(D)J recombination.

Further reading

• Alexandre S, Li WW, Lee AS (1993). "A human HMG2 cDNA with a novel 3'-untranslated region". Nucleic Acids Res. 20 (23): 6413. PMID 1475204.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Shirakawa H, Yoshida M (1992). "Structure of a gene coding for human HMG2 protein". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (10): 6641–5. PMID 1551873.
• Majumdar A, Brown D, Kerby S; et al. (1992). "Sequence of human HMG2 cDNA". Nucleic Acids Res. 19 (23): 6643. PMID 1754403.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Bernués J, Espel E, Querol E (1986). "Identification of the core-histone-binding domains of HMG1 and HMG2". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 866 (4): 242–51. PMID 3697355.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Zwilling S, König H, Wirth T (1995). "High mobility group protein 2 functionally interacts with the POU domains of octamer transcription factors". EMBO J. 14 (6): 1198–208. PMID 7720710.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Shykind BM, Kim J, Sharp PA (1995). "Activation of the TFIID-TFIIA complex with HMG-2". Genes Dev. 9 (11): 1354–65. PMID 7797075.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Paull TT, Haykinson MJ, Johnson RC (1993). "The nonspecific DNA-binding and -bending proteins HMG1 and HMG2 promote the assembly of complex nucleoprotein structures". Genes Dev. 7 (8): 1521–34. PMID 8339930.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Wanschura S, Schoenmakers EF, Huysmans C; et al. (1997). "Mapping of the human HMG2 gene to 4q31". Genomics. 31 (2): 264–5. PMID 8824816.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Nagaki S, Yamamoto M, Yumoto Y; et al. (1998). "Non-histone chromosomal proteins HMG1 and 2 enhance ligation reaction of DNA double-strand breaks". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 246 (1): 137–41. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8589. PMID 9600082.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Boonyaratanakornkit V, Melvin V, Prendergast P; et al. (1998). "High-mobility group chromatin proteins 1 and 2 functionally interact with steroid hormone receptors to enhance their DNA binding in vitro and transcriptional activity in mammalian cells". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (8): 4471–87. PMID 9671457.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Yumoto Y, Shirakawa H, Yoshida M; et al. (1998). "High mobility group proteins 1 and 2 can function as DNA-binding regulatory components for DNA-dependent protein kinase in vitro". J. Biochem. 124 (3): 519–27. PMID 9722660.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Aidinis V, Bonaldi T, Beltrame M; et al. (2000). "The RAG1 homeodomain recruits HMG1 and HMG2 to facilitate recombination signal sequence binding and to enhance the intrinsic DNA-bending activity of RAG1-RAG2". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (10): 6532–42. PMID 10490593.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Butteroni C, De Felici M, Schöler HR, Pesce M (2001). "Phage display screening reveals an association between germline-specific transcription factor Oct-4 and multiple cellular proteins". J. Mol. Biol. 304 (4): 529–40. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2000.4238. PMID 11099378.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Stros M, Ozaki T, Bacikova A; et al. (2002). "HMGB1 and HMGB2 cell-specifically down-regulate the p53- and p73-dependent sequence-specific transactivation from the human Bax gene promoter". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (9): 7157–64. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110233200. PMID 11748232.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Fan Z, Beresford PJ, Zhang D, Lieberman J (2002). "HMG2 interacts with the nucleosome assembly protein SET and is a target of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protease granzyme A.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 22 (8): 2810–20. PMID 11909973.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Dubois T, Howell S, Zemlickova E, Aitken A (2002). "Identification of casein kinase Ialpha interacting protein partners". FEBS Lett. 517 (1–3): 167–71. PMID 12062430.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Fan Z, Beresford PJ, Zhang D; et al. (2003). "Cleaving the oxidative repair protein Ape1 enhances cell death mediated by granzyme A.". Nat. Immunol. 4 (2): 145–53. doi:10.1038/ni885. PMID 12524539.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Lv X, Xu DD, Liu DP; et al. (2003). "High-mobility group protein 2 may be involved in the locus control region regulation of the beta-globin gene cluster". Biochem. Cell Biol. 80 (6): 765–70. PMID 12555809.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Pallier C, Scaffidi P, Chopineau-Proust S; et al. (2004). "Association of chromatin proteins high mobility group box (HMGB) 1 and HMGB2 with mitotic chromosomes". Mol. Biol. Cell. 14 (8): 3414–26. doi:10.1091/mbc.E02-09-0581. PMID 12925773.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)