Gallstone disease history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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1.The lithogenic state, in which conditions favor gallstone formation | 1.The lithogenic state, in which conditions favor gallstone formation | ||
2.Asymptomatic gallstones | 2.Asymptomatic gallstones | ||
3.Symptomatic gallstones, characterized by episodes of biliary colic (symptoms are listed below) | 3.Symptomatic gallstones, characterized by episodes of biliary colic (symptoms are listed below) | ||
4.Complicated cholelithiasis | 4.Complicated cholelithiasis | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]
Overview
The majority of patients with gallstone disease are asymptomatic and do not feel any pain or discomfort. These gallstones are called "silent stones" and do not affect the gallbladder or other internal organs. They do not need treatment.[1] Unless a complication occurs such as common bile duct obstruction, gallstone disease will remain asymptomatic. Most patients are females over the age of 40 whom have had multiple children and tend to have a BMI over 25. [2]
History and Symptoms
The majority of patients with gallstone disease are asymptomatic.[3] They start developing symptoms once the stones reach a certain size (>8mm).[4]A gallstone "attack", also known as biliary colic is described as intense pain in the upper abdominal region that steadily increases for approximately thirty minutes to several hours with pain in the back, ordinarily between the shoulder blades, or pain under the right shoulder (Collins' sign). This occurs when the disease symptomatizes. Eventually, the pain subsides. A positive history for obesity, multiparity and age over 40 is suggestive of gallstones.[2]
History
Patients with gallstones may have a positive history of:
- Obesity
- Eating fatty foods
- Multiparity
- Age over 40
- Female
- Caucasian or Native American [5]
Gallstone disease can be categorized as having 4 different stages,
1.The lithogenic state, in which conditions favor gallstone formation
2.Asymptomatic gallstones
3.Symptomatic gallstones, characterized by episodes of biliary colic (symptoms are listed below)
4.Complicated cholelithiasis
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of gallstones include:
- Right upper quadrant pain
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea[6]
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of gallstones include
- Chest pain
- Fullness after eating/early satiety
- Belching[7]
References
- ↑
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Diehl AK, Sugarek NJ, Todd KH (1990). "Clinical evaluation for gallstone disease: usefulness of symptoms and signs in diagnosis". Am. J. Med. 89 (1): 29–33. PMID 2368790.
- ↑ "Cholelithiasis". emedicine from WebMD. Retrieved 2007-08-25.
- ↑ "Gallstones". Medline Plus. Retrieved 2007-08-25.
- ↑ Johnson CD (2001). "ABC of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Upper abdominal pain: Gall bladder". BMJ. 323 (7322): 1170–3. PMC 1121646. PMID 11711412.
- ↑ LUND J (1960). "Surgical indications in cholelithiasis: prophylactic choleithiasis: prophylactic cholecystectomy elucidated on the basis of long-term follow up on 526 nonoperated cases". Ann. Surg. 151: 153–62. PMC 1613279. PMID 13848582.
- ↑ Berger MY, Olde Hartman TC, Bohnen AM (2003). "Abdominal symptoms: do they disappear after cholecystectomy?". Surg Endosc. 17 (11): 1723–8. doi:10.1007/s00464-002-9154-6. PMID 12802649.