Gallstone disease historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]
Overview
Humans have suffered from gallstones for a long time, with the earliest recording being 7000 years ago.
Historical Perspective
Gallstone disease has been noted as far back as when Egyptian pharaohs ruled. Autopsies performed on mummies found gallstones present within the body cavities.[1]
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
In 1895-1924, plain film was developed to better detect radiopaque stones. From 1924 to 1960, contrast media was being introduced which brought out the invention of IV cholecystography. From then on in 1970, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, scintigraphy, and sonography were invented. By 1980, the notion of treating gallbladder conditions medically came about.[2]
References
- ↑ Shaffer EA (2005). "Epidemiology and risk factors for gallstone disease: has the paradigm changed in the 21st century?". Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 7 (2): 132–40. PMID 15802102.
- ↑ Feld R, Kurtz AB, Zeman RK (1991). "Imaging the gallbladder: a historical perspective". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 156 (4): 737–40. doi:10.2214/ajr.156.4.2003437. PMID 2003437.