Filariasis historical perspective
|
Filariasis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Filariasis historical perspective On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Filariasis historical perspective |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Filariasis historical perspective |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Lymphatic Filariasis is thought to have affected humans since approximately 1500-4000 years ago and the first documentation of symptoms occurred in the 16th century, when Jan Huygen Linschoten wrote about the disease during the exploration of Goa. Dr. Rodolfo Robles Valverde's study on patients with river blindness in Guatemala led to the discovery that the disease is caused by filaria of O. volvulus, and sheds light on the life cycle and transmission of the parasite.
Historical Perspective
Lymphatic Filariasis is thought to have affected humans since approximately 1500-4000 years ago, though an exact date for its origin is unknown. The first clear reference to the disease occurs in ancient Greek literature, where scholars discuss diagnosis of lymphatic filariasis vs. diagnosis of similar symptoms that can result from leprosy.
The first documentation of symptoms occurred in the 16th century, when Jan Huygen Linschoten wrote about the disease during the exploration of Goa. Soon after, exploration of other parts of Asia and Africa turned up further reports of disease symptoms. It was not until centuries later than an understanding of the disease began to develop.
In 1866, Timothy Lewis, building on the work of Jean-Nicolas Demarquay and Otto Henry Wucherer, made the connection between microfilariae and elephantiasis, establishing the course of research that would ultimately explain the disease. Not long after, in 1876, Joseph Bancroft discovered the adult form of the worm, and finally in 1877 the life cycle involving an arthropod vector was theorized by Patrick Manson, who proceeded to demonstrate the presence of the worms in mosquitoes. Manson incorrectly hypothesized that the disease was transmitted through skin contact with water in which the mosquitoes had laid eggs. In 1900, George Carmichael Low determined the actual transmission method by discovering the presence of the worm in the proboscis of the mosquito vector.[1] In 1915, Dr. Rodolfo Robles Valverde's study on patients with river blindness in Guatemala led to the discovery that the disease is caused by filaria of O. volvulus, and sheds light on the life cycle and transmission of the parasite.[2]Using case studies of coffee plantation workers in Guatemala, Robles hypothesized the vector of the disease is a day-biting insect, and more specifically, two anthropophilic species of Simulium flies found to be endemic to the areas. He published his findings on a new disease from Guatemala associated withsubcutaneous nodules, anterior ocular (eye) lesions, dermatitis, and microfilariae in 1917.[3]
References
- ↑ Template:Cite we
- ↑ Marty AM, Duke BOL, Neafie RC. Onchocerciasis in Meyers, W., Neafie, RC; Marty AM; Wear DJ. Pathology of Infectious Diseases, Volume 1 Helminths, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, ISBN 1-88101041-65-4, 2000 p. 287 - 306 (17)
- ↑ ROBLES R. Enfermedad nueva en Guatemala. La Juventud Médica 1917; 17: 97-115.