Differentiating Diabetes mellitus type 2 from other diseases: Difference between revisions

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{{Diabetes mellitus type 2}}
{{Diabetes mellitus type 2}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==
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==Differentiating Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 from other Diseases==
==Differentiating Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 from other Diseases==
Type 2 DM must be differentiated from other forms of diabetes mellitus as well as other endocrine disorders such as:  <ref name="pmid17727381">{{cite journal| author=Barrett TG| title=Differential diagnosis of type 1 diabetes: which genetic syndromes need to be considered? | journal=Pediatr Diabetes | year= 2007 | volume= 8 Suppl 6 | issue=  | pages= 15-23 | pmid=17727381 | doi=10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00278.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17727381  }}</ref><ref>Type 1 Diabetes mellitus "Dennis Kasper, Anthony Fauci, Stephen Hauser, Dan Longo, J. Larry Jameson, Joseph Loscalzo"Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19e Accessed on December 27th,2016</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.namrata.co/diabetes-mellitus-differential-diagnosis-and-management/|title=namrata|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref>
Type 2 DM must be differentiated from other forms of diabetes mellitus as well as other endocrine disorders based on the syptoms and laboratory findings.<ref name="pmid17727381">{{cite journal| author=Barrett TG| title=Differential diagnosis of type 1 diabetes: which genetic syndromes need to be considered? | journal=Pediatr Diabetes | year= 2007 | volume= 8 Suppl 6 | issue=  | pages= 15-23 | pmid=17727381 | doi=10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00278.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17727381  }}</ref><ref>Type 1 Diabetes mellitus "Dennis Kasper, Anthony Fauci, Stephen Hauser, Dan Longo, J. Larry Jameson, Joseph Loscalzo"Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19e Accessed on December 27th,2016</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.namrata.co/diabetes-mellitus-differential-diagnosis-and-management/|title=namrata|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref>
* [[Type 1 diabetes mellitus|Type 1 DM]]
* [[Maturity onset diabetes of the young|MODY-DM]]
* [[Psychogenic polydipsia]]
* [[Diabetes insipidus]]
* Transient hyperglycemia
* Steroid therapy
* [[Renal tubular acidosis|Renal tubular acidosis type-1]]
* [[Glucagonoma]]
* [[Cushing's syndrome]]
* [[Hypothyroidism]]
* [[Wolfram syndrome]]
* [[Alstrom syndrome]]
The following table shows the appropriate history and symptoms and laboratory findings that may distinguish type 2 DM from other diseases:
The following table shows the appropriate history and symptoms and laboratory findings that may distinguish type 2 DM from other diseases:
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{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;"|Disease
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;"|Disease

Revision as of 19:37, 22 March 2017

Diabetes mellitus main page

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Differentiating Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 from other Diseases

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]

Overview

Type 2 diabetes mellitus must be differentiated from other disorders that may present with polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss or weight gain. Such disorders may include other forms of diabetes mellitus (e.g. type 1 DM, MODY) or other endocrine disorders (e.g. hypothyroidism, cushings syndrome, wolfram syndrome, alstrom syndrome) or drug

Differentiating Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 from other Diseases

Type 2 DM must be differentiated from other forms of diabetes mellitus as well as other endocrine disorders based on the syptoms and laboratory findings.[1][2][3] The following table shows the appropriate history and symptoms and laboratory findings that may distinguish type 2 DM from other diseases:


Disease History and symptoms Laboratory findings Additional findings
Polyuria Polydipsia Polyphagia Weight loss Weight gain Serum glucose Urinary Glucose Urine PH Serum Sodium Urinary Glucose 24 hrs cortisol level C-peptide level Serum glucagon
Type 1 Diabetes mellitus ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ - ↑ ↑ Normal Normal N/↑ Normal ↓ Normal Auto antibodies present (Anti GAD-65 and anti insulin anti bodies)
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ - ↑ ↑ Normal Normal ↑ Normal Normal ↑ Acanthosis nigricans
MODY ✔ ✔ ✔ - ✔ ↑ ↑ Normal Normal ↑ Normal Normal N -
Psychogenic polydipsia ✔ ✔ - - - Normal Normal Normal ↓ Normal Normal Normal Normal -
Diabetes insipidus ✔ ✔ - - - Normal Normal Normal ↑ Normal Normal Normal Normal -
Transient hyperglycemia - - - - - ↑ ↑ Normal Normal ↑ Normal Normal N/↑ In hospitalized patients especially in ICU and CCU
Steroid therapy ✔ - - - ✔ ↑ ↑ Normal Normal ↑ ↑ N/↑ N/↑ Acanthosis nigricans
RTA 1 - - - ✔ - Normal Normal ↑ Normal ↑ Normal Normal Normal Hypokalemia, nephrolithiasis
Glucagonoma - - - - - ↑ Normal Normal Normal - Normal Normal ↑ Necrolytic migratory erythema
Cushing syndrome - - - - ✔ ↑ - Normal ↓ N/↑ ↑ Normal Normal Moon face, obesity, buffalo hump, easy bruisibility


References

  1. ↑ Barrett TG (2007). "Differential diagnosis of type 1 diabetes: which genetic syndromes need to be considered?". Pediatr Diabetes. 8 Suppl 6: 15–23. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00278.x. PMID 17727381.
  2. ↑ Type 1 Diabetes mellitus "Dennis Kasper, Anthony Fauci, Stephen Hauser, Dan Longo, J. Larry Jameson, Joseph Loscalzo"Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19e Accessed on December 27th,2016
  3. ↑ "namrata".

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