Cytomegalovirus infection physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Physical Examination

General Appearance of the patient

The appearance of the patient depends on the stage of the disease. The patient may look very healthy or be ill-looking and cachectic.[1]

Vitals

Temperature
Pulse
Blood pressure
Respiratory rate

Skin

Eyes

  • On fundus examination the following findings can be demonstrated:
    • Fluffy yellow-white retinal lesions, with or without intraretinal hemorrhage.
    • Inflammation of the vitreous can be demonstrated in patients with severe immunosuppression.
    • Blood vessels appear sheathed.
    • If left untreated, retinitis is a rapidly progressive condition and on fundus examination it demonstrates a characteristic brushfire pattern, with a granular, white leading edge advancing before an atrophic gliotic scar.

Head

Nose

Ears

  • Unilateral or bilateral deafness may be present.
  • Discharge from the ears may be found.

Throat

  • Peridontal disease may be present.
  • Oral herpes simplex lesions may be found.
  • Oral thrush may be found.

Lungs

Cardiovascular system

Abdomen

Genitourinary

  • Vaginal or urethral discharge can be present.

Extremities

Central Nervous System

  • Focal neurological deficits may be found.
  • Behavioral changes may be observed.
  • Gait disturbances may be present.
  1. "AIDSinfo".