Community-acquired pneumonia: Difference between revisions

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| [[Community acquired pneumonia resident survival guide|'''Resident'''<br>'''Survival'''<br>'''Guide''']]
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{{Community-acquired pneumonia}}
{{Community-acquired pneumonia|classification=Classification}}


'''For the main page on pneumonia, click [[pneumonia|here]].'''
'''For the main page on pneumonia, click [[pneumonia|here]].'''
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==[[Community-acquired pneumonia historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==  
==[[Community-acquired pneumonia historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==  


==[[Community-acquired pneumonia historical perspective|Classification]]==
==[[Community-acquired pneumonia classification|Classification]]==
 
There is no established system for the classification of community-acquired pneumonia. However it can be classified according to severity using the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) score and CURB-65 Score.
 
The PSI score is calculated using factors like age, demographic factors, comorbid illnesses, physical exam findings, radiographic and laboratory findings. Based on these factors, the severity of the disease can be classified into five risk categories.
Patients in Risk Class 1 to II can be managed in outpatient settings with oral antibiotics. Patients in Risk Class III can be managed in outpatient or inpatient settings after evaluation of risk factors. Patients in class IV and V should be admitted in the hospital for treatment. Risk Class I - III represents mortality of 0.1 - 0.9% whereas risk class V represent a 27% probability of mortality.
 
The CURB-65 score is also used to categorize patients according to disease severity. It is calculated using the following factors:
New onset of Confusion.
Blood Urea Nitrogen > 7 mmol/L or > 20 mg/dL.
Respiratory Rate > 30 breaths/minute.
Blood pressure less than 90 mmHg SBP or less than 60 DBP.
Age > 65 years.
 
Patients can be treated as outpatient with a score of 0 - 1, whereas score of 3 - 5 requires hospitalization.
CRB-65 is a simplified version of the score which is sometimes used in primary care settings for decision making. Hospitalization is recommended if one or more points are present.


==[[Community-acquired pneumonia pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
==[[Community-acquired pneumonia pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
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==[[Community-acquired pneumonia risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
==[[Community-acquired pneumonia risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
==[[Community-acquired pneumonia screening|Screening]]==


==[[Community-acquired pneumonia natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
==[[Community-acquired pneumonia natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==

Latest revision as of 17:25, 30 November 2020



Resident
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Overview

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For the main page on pneumonia, click here.

For hospital-acquired pneumonia, click here.

For patient information on pneumonia, click here.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [2]; Nazma Hanif, MD[3]

Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Simran Singh

Synonyms and keywords: CAP

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Community-acquired pneumonia from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Severity Criteria | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Chest X Ray | CT | Ultrasound | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Primary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1