Cementum

Cementum

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Overview

The cementum is the surface layer of the tooth root (B). Rather than being a passive entity like paint on a wall, cementum is a dynamic entity within the periodontium. It is attached to the alveolar bone (C) by the fibers of the periodontal ligament and to the soft tissue of the gingiva by the gingival fibers (H).

Cementum is a specialized calcified substance covering the root of a tooth. Cementum is excreted by cells called cementoblasts within the root of the tooth and is thickest at the root apex. Its coloration is yellowish and it is softer than enamel and dentin due to being less mineralized.

The principle role of cementen within the tooth is to serve as a medium by which the periodontal ligaments can attach to the tooth for stability. Hence, its bottom surface is tangent to the periodontal ligaments running through the jaw (via collagen fibers), and the upper portion of the surface is firmly cemented to the dentin of the tooth. It also meets the enamel lower on the tooth at the cemento-enamel junction. Here the cementum is known as acellular cementum due to its lack of cellular components, and covers approximately 1/3-1/2 of the root. The more permeable form of cementen, cellular cementum, covers 1/3-1/2 of the root apex, where it binds to the dentin. There is also a third type of cementum, afibrillar cementum, which sometimes extends onto the enamel of the tooth.

The chemical makeup of cementum is similar to that of bone, but it lacks vascularization. Volumetrically, it is approximately 65% inorganic material (mainly hydroxyapatite), 23% organic material (mainly collagen type1]) and 12% water.

See also

• Head and neck anatomy

External links

• Definition

Cost Effectiveness of Cementum

| group5 = Clinical Trials Involving Cementum | list5 = Ongoing Trials on Cementum at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Cementum • Clinical Trials on Cementum at Google

| group6 = Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Cementum | list6 = US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Cementum • NICE Guidance on Cementum • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Cementum • CDC on Cementum

| group7 = Textbook Information on Cementum | list7 = Books and Textbook Information on Cementum

| group8 = Pharmacology Resources on Cementum | list8 = AND (Dose)}} Dosing of Cementum • AND (drug interactions)}} Drug interactions with Cementum • AND (side effects)}} Side effects of Cementum • AND (Allergy)}} Allergic reactions to Cementum • AND (overdose)}} Overdose information on Cementum • AND (carcinogenicity)}} Carcinogenicity information on Cementum • AND (pregnancy)}} Cementum in pregnancy • AND (pharmacokinetics)}} Pharmacokinetics of Cementum •

| group9 = Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Cementum | list9 = AND (pharmacogenomics)}} Genetics of Cementum • AND (pharmacogenomics)}} Pharmacogenomics of Cementum • AND (proteomics)}} Proteomics of Cementum

| group10 = Newstories on Cementum | list10 = Cementum in the news • Be alerted to news on Cementum • News trends on Cementum</small>

| group11 = Commentary on Cementum | list11 = Blogs on Cementum

| group12 = Patient Resources on Cementum | list12 = Patient resources on Cementum • Discussion groups on Cementum • Patient Handouts on Cementum • Directions to Hospitals Treating Cementum • Risk calculators and risk factors for Cementum

| group13 = Healthcare Provider Resources on Cementum | list13 = Symptoms of Cementum • Causes & Risk Factors for Cementum • Diagnostic studies for Cementum • Treatment of Cementum

| group14 = Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Cementum | list14 = CME Programs on Cementum

| group15 = International Resources on Cementum | list15 = Cementum en Espanol • Cementum en Francais

| group16 = Business Resources on Cementum | list16 = Cementum in the Marketplace • Patents on Cementum

| group17 = Informatics Resources on Cementum | list17 = List of terms related to Cementum

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