Carcinoembryonic antigen
| carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5
| |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | CEACAM5 |
| Alt. Symbols | CEA |
| Entrez | 1048 |
| HUGO | 1817 |
| OMIM | 114890 |
| RefSeq | NM_004363 |
| UniProt | P06731 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 19 q13.1-13.2 |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
- Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a protein-polysaccharide complex
- Located in colon carcinomas, fetal intestine, liver and pancreas
- Reference range: < 3 ug/l [1]
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion. It is normally produced during fetal development, but the production of CEA stops before birth. Therefore, it is not usually present in the blood of healthy adults, although levels are raised in heavy smokers.
Pathophysiology
CEA and related genes make up the CEA family belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. In humans, the carcinoembryonic antigen family consists of 29 genes, 18 of which are normally expressed. [2]
Historical perspective
CEA was first identified in 1965 by Phil Gold and Samuel O. Freedman in human colon cancer tissue extracts.[3] It was found that serum from individuals with colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, lung and breast carcinomas had higher levels of CEA than healthy individuals.
Diagnosis
CEA measurement is mainly used as a tumor marker to identify recurrences after surgical resection. Elevated CEA levels should return to normal after surgical resection, as elevation of CEA during follow up is an indicator of recurrence of tumour.
Differential Diagnosis
In alphabetical order. [4] [5]
Increased
- Alcoholic Cirrhosis
- Breast Cancer
- Bronchial carcinoma
- Cervical Cancer
- Cholangiocarcinoma
- Cirrhosis
- Colorectal tumors
- Emphysema
- Gastric carcinoma
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Inflammatory liver diseases
- Medullar thyroid carcinoma
- Mesothelioma
- Neuroendocrine tumors
- Ovarian Cancer
- Pancreatic Cancer
- Pancreatitis
- Recurrence of cancer
- Smoking
- Stomach cancer
- Thyroid cancer
- Tumor recurrence
- Ulcerative colitis
References
- ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
- ↑ Hammarstrom S. The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family: structures, suggested functions and expression in normal and malignant tissues. Semin Cancer Biol 1999;9:67-81. PMID 10202129.
- ↑ Gold P, Freedman SO. Demonstration of tumor-specific antigens in human colonic carcinomata by immunological tolerance and absorption techniques. J Exp Med 1965;121:439. PMID 14270243.
- ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
- ↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X
Proteins: clusters of differentiation (see also list of human clusters of differentiation) | |
|---|---|
| 1-50 | CD1 (CD1a-c, CD1d) - CD2 - CD3 - CD4 - CD5 - CD8 - CD9 - CD10 - CD11 (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c) - CD13 - CD14 - CD15 - CD16 - CD18 - CD19 - CD20 - CD21 - CD22 - CD23 - CD24 - CD25 - CD26 - CD27 - CD28 - CD29 - CD30 - CD31 - CD32 - CD33 - CD34 - CD35 - CD36 - CD37 -CD38 - CD40 - CD43 - CD44 - CD45 - CD46 - CD49 (CD49a, CD49b, CD49c, CD49d) |
| 51-100 | CD52 - CD53 - CD54 - CD55 - CD56 - CD58 - CD59 - CD61 - CD62 (CD62E, CD62L, CD62P) - CD63 - CD64 - CD66e - CD68 - CD70 - CD71 - CD72 - CD79 - CD80 - CD81 - CD82 - CD83 - CD86 - CD88 - CD89 - CD90 - CD94 - CD95 - CD97 - CD98 |
| 101-350 | CD103 - CD106 - CD114 - CD116 - CD117 - CD118 - CD120 - CD122 - CD130 - CD131 - CD132 - CD133 - CD134 - CD135 - CD137 - CD138 - CD141 - CD142 - CD143 - CD146 - CD147 - CD151 - CD152 - CD153 - CD154 - CD155 - CD162 - CD164 - CD169 - CD184 - CD206 - CD209 - CD257 - CD278 - CD281 - CD282 - CD283 - CD304 |
Membrane proteins: cell adhesion molecules | |
|---|---|
| IgSF | N-CAM (Myelin protein zero) - ICAM (1, 4) - VCAM-1 - PE-CAM - L1-CAM |
| Cadherins | Desmoglein - T-cadherin |
| Selectins | E-selectin - L-selectin - P-selectin |
| Integrins | LFA-1 - Integrin alphaXbeta2 - Macrophage-1 antigen - VLA-4 - Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (Note: integrins not always classified as CAMs) |
| Other | Carcinoembryonic antigen - CD22 - CD24 - CD44 - CD146 - CD164 |
Tumor markers |
|---|
| Alpha-fetoprotein/AFP-L3 - CA-125 - CA 19-9 - CD30 - Autocrine motility factor - Carcinoembryonic antigen - βHCG - erbB-2 receptor - erbB-3 receptor - NANOG - Neprilysin - Normetanephrine - PCNA - Prostate specific antigen - Synaptophysin |
WikiDoc Research Resources for Carcinoembryonic antigen | |
|---|---|
| Articles on Carcinoembryonic antigen | Most recent articles on Carcinoembryonic antigen • Most cited articles on Carcinoembryonic antigen • Review articles on Carcinoembryonic antigen • Articles on Carcinoembryonic antigen in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ |
| Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Carcinoembryonic antigen | Powerpoint slides on Carcinoembryonic antigen • Images of Carcinoembryonic antigen • Photos of Carcinoembryonic antigen • Podcasts & MP3s on Carcinoembryonic antigen • Videos on Carcinoembryonic antigen |
| Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Carcinoembryonic antigen | AND (Cochrane Database Syst Rev[http://worldselectshop.com/?id=9361 Cochrane Collaboration on Carcinoembryonic antigen • Bandolier on Carcinoembryonic antigen • TRIP on Carcinoembryonic antigen |
| Cost Effectiveness of Carcinoembryonic antigen | AND (Cost effectiveness) |
| group5 = Clinical Trials Involving Carcinoembryonic antigen | list5 = Ongoing Trials on Carcinoembryonic antigen at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Carcinoembryonic antigen • Clinical Trials on Carcinoembryonic antigen at Google
| group6 = Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Carcinoembryonic antigen
| list6 = US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Carcinoembryonic antigen • NICE Guidance on Carcinoembryonic antigen • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Carcinoembryonic antigen • CDC on Carcinoembryonic antigen
| group7 = Textbook Information on Carcinoembryonic antigen
| list7 = Books and Textbook Information on Carcinoembryonic antigen
| group8 = Pharmacology Resources on Carcinoembryonic antigen
| list8 =
AND (Dose)}} Dosing of Carcinoembryonic antigen • AND (drug interactions)}} Drug interactions with Carcinoembryonic antigen • AND (side effects)}} Side effects of Carcinoembryonic antigen • AND (Allergy)}} Allergic reactions to Carcinoembryonic antigen • AND (overdose)}} Overdose information on Carcinoembryonic antigen • AND (carcinogenicity)}} Carcinogenicity information on Carcinoembryonic antigen • AND (pregnancy)}} Carcinoembryonic antigen in pregnancy • AND (pharmacokinetics)}} Pharmacokinetics of Carcinoembryonic antigen •
| group9 = Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Carcinoembryonic antigen
| list9 =
AND (pharmacogenomics)}} Genetics of Carcinoembryonic antigen • AND (pharmacogenomics)}} Pharmacogenomics of Carcinoembryonic antigen • AND (proteomics)}} Proteomics of Carcinoembryonic antigen
| group10 = Newstories on Carcinoembryonic antigen
| list10 = Carcinoembryonic antigen in the news • Be alerted to news on Carcinoembryonic antigen • News trends on Carcinoembryonic antigen</small>
| group11 = Commentary on Carcinoembryonic antigen
| list11 =
Blogs on Carcinoembryonic antigen
| group12 = Patient Resources on Carcinoembryonic antigen | list12 = Patient resources on Carcinoembryonic antigen • Discussion groups on Carcinoembryonic antigen • Patient Handouts on Carcinoembryonic antigen • Directions to Hospitals Treating Carcinoembryonic antigen • Risk calculators and risk factors for Carcinoembryonic antigen
| group13 = Healthcare Provider Resources on Carcinoembryonic antigen
| list13 =
Symptoms of Carcinoembryonic antigen • Causes & Risk Factors for Carcinoembryonic antigen • Diagnostic studies for Carcinoembryonic antigen • Treatment of Carcinoembryonic antigen
| group14 = Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Carcinoembryonic antigen | list14 = CME Programs on Carcinoembryonic antigen
| group15 = International Resources on Carcinoembryonic antigen | list15 = Carcinoembryonic antigen en Espanol • Carcinoembryonic antigen en Francais
| group16 = Business Resources on Carcinoembryonic antigen | list16 = Carcinoembryonic antigen in the Marketplace • Patents on Carcinoembryonic antigen
| group17 = Informatics Resources on Carcinoembryonic antigen | list17 = List of terms related to Carcinoembryonic antigen
}}
Table of Contents In Alphabetical Order | By Individual Diseases | Signs and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Lab Tests | Drugs
Editor Tools Become an Editor | Editors Help Menu | Create a Page | Edit a Page | Upload a Picture or File | Printable version | Permanent link | Maintain Pages | What Pages Link HereThere is no pharmaceutical or device industry support for this site and we need your viewer supported Donations | Editorial Board | Governance | Licensing | Disclaimers | Avoid Plagiarism | Policies
