Brain tumor staging

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Brain tumor Microchapters

Patient Information

Overview

Classification

Adult brain tumors
Glioblastoma multiforme
Oligodendroglioma
Meningioma
Hemangioblastoma
Pituitary adenoma
Schwannoma
Primary CNS lymphoma
Childhood brain tumors
Pilocytic astrocytoma
Medulloblastoma
Ependymoma
Craniopharyngioma
Pinealoma
Metastasis
Lung cancer
Breast cancer
Melanoma
Gastrointestinal tract cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
Osteoblastoma
Head and neck cancer
Neuroblastoma
Lymphoma
Prostate cancer

Causes

Differentiating Brain Tumor from other Diseases

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]

Overview

The subtypes of brain tumors have different staging systems based on the grade, extent of spread, size and presence of distant metastases. According to WHO histologic grading for brain tumors, the grades of brain tumors are subdivided into Grades 1,2,3 and 4. The lower the grade, better the prognosis.

WHO Histologic Grading for CNS Tumors

According to WHO histologic grading for brain tumors, the grades of brain tumors are subdivided into Grades 1,2,3 and 4.[1]

Grade I

  • Lesions with low proliferative potential, a frequently discrete nature, and the possibility of cure following surgical resection alone
    • Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma
    • Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma

Grade II

  • Lesions that are generally infiltrating and low in mitotic activity but recur; some tumor types tend to progress to higher grades of malignancy
    • Pilomyxoid astrocytoma
    • Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma
    • Diffuse astrocytoma
    • Fibrillary astrocytoma
    • Protoplasmic astrocytoma
    • Gemistocytic astrocytoma

Grade III

  • Lesions with histologic evidence of malignancy, generally in the form of mitotic activity, clearly expressed infiltrative capabilities, and anaplasia
    • Anaplastic astrocytoma

Grade IV

  • Lesions that are mitotically active, necrosis-prone, and generally associated with a rapid preoperative and postoperative evolution of disease
    • Glioblastoma
    • Giant cell glioblastoma
    • Gliosarcoma
    • Gliomatosis cerebri[1]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Grading of brain tumors.Dr Amir Rezaee and Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia.org 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/cns-tumours-classification-and-grading-who

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