Autoimmune pancreatitis: Difference between revisions

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{{Autoimmune pancreatitis}}
{{Autoimmune pancreatitis}}
{{CMG}}, {{AE}}:{{IQ}}
{{CMG}}, {{AE}}:{{IQ}}{{FT}}


{{SK}} Primary inflammatory pancreatitis, lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis, pseudotumorous pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis with irregular narrowing of the main pancreatic duct, and nonalcoholic duct destructive chronic pancreatitis.
{{SK}} Primary inflammatory pancreatitis, Lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis, Pseudotumorous pancreatitis, Chronic pancreatitis with irregular narrowing of the main pancreatic duct, Nonalcoholic duct destructive chronic pancreatitis.  
==Overview==
'''Autoimmune pancreatitis''' (AIP) is an increasingly recognized benign type of [[chronic pancreatitis]] that can be difficult to distinguish from [[pancreatic carcinoma]] but which responds to treatment with [[corticosteroids]].  


==Historical Perspective==
==[[Autoimmune pancreatitis overview|Overview]]==


==Classification==
==[[Autoimmune pancreatitis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


==Pathophysiology==
==[[Autoimmune pancreatitis classification|Classification]]==


==Causes==
==[[Autoimmune pancreatitis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


==Differentiating Autoimmune Pancreatitis from other Diseases==
==[[Autoimmune pancreatitis causes|Causes]]==


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==[[Autoimmune pancreatitis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Sheehan's syndrome  from other Diseases]]==


==Risk Factors==
==[[Autoimmune pancreatitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
==[[Autoimmune pancreatitis risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
 
==[[Autoimmune pancreatitis screening|Screening]]==
 
==[[Autoimmune pancreatitis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==


==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
===Diagnostic Criteria===


===Symptoms===
[[Autoimmune pancreatitis diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic Study of Choice]] | [[Autoimmune pancreatitis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Autoimmune pancreatitis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Autoimmune pancreatitis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Autoimmune pancreatitis x ray|X Ray]] | [[Autoimmune pancreatitis CT scan|CT]] | [[Autoimmune pancreatitis MRI|MRI]] | [[Autoimmune pancreatitis echocardiography and ultrasound|Echocardiography and Ultrasound]] | [[Autoimmune pancreatitis other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Autoimmune pancreatitis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
===Physical Examination===
===Laboratory Findings===
===Imaging Findings===
[[Computed tomography]] (CT) findings in AIP include a diffusely enlarged hypoechoic pancreas or a focal mass that may be mistaken for a pancreatic malignancy.  A low-density, capsule-like rim on CT (possibly corresponding to an inflammatory process involving peripancreatic tissues) is thought to be an additional characteristic feature.  [[Magnetic resonance imaging]] (MRI) reveals a diffusely decreased signal intensity and delayed enhancement on dynamic scanning.  The characteristic [[ERCP]] finding is segmental or diffuse irregular narrowing of the main pancreatic duct, usually accompanied by an extrinsic-appearing stricture of the distal bile duct.  Changes in the extrapancreatic bile duct similar to those of [[primary sclerosing cholangitis]] (PSC) have been reported.


The role of [[endoscopic ultrasound]] (EUS) and EUS-guided [[fine-needle aspiration]] (EUS-FNA) in the diagnosis of AIP is not well described, and EUS findings have been described in only a small number of patients.  In one study, EUS revealed a diffusely swollen and hypoechoic pancreas in 8 of the 14 (57%) patients, and a solitary, focal, irregular mass was observed in 6 (46%) patients.  Whereas EUS-FNA is sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of pancreatic malignancy, its role in the diagnosis of AIP remains unclear.
==Treatment==
===Other Diagnostic Studies===


==Treatment==
[[Autoimmune pancreatitis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Autoimmune pancreatitis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Autoimmune pancreatitis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Autoimmune pancreatitis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] |
===Medical Therapy===
AIP often completely resolves with steroid treatment.  The failure to differentiate AIP from malignancy may lead to unnecessary pancreatic resection, and the characteristic lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate of AIP has been found in up to 23% of patients undergoing pancreatic resection for suspected malignancy who are ultimately found to have benign disease.  In this subset of patients, a trial of steroid therapy may have prevented a [[Whipple procedure]] or complete [[pancreatectomy]] for a benign disease which responds well to medical therapy.
===Surgery===
===Prevention===


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 16:18, 31 July 2018

Autoimmune pancreatitis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: :Iqra Qamar M.D.[2]Feham Tariq, MD [3]

Synonyms and keywords: Primary inflammatory pancreatitis, Lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis, Pseudotumorous pancreatitis, Chronic pancreatitis with irregular narrowing of the main pancreatic duct, Nonalcoholic duct destructive chronic pancreatitis.

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Sheehan's syndrome from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | X Ray | CT | MRI | Echocardiography and Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention |

References


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