Atelectasis CT: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Cherry}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Cherry}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
There are no CT scan findings associated with [disease name].
CT findings suggestive of atelectasis include [[Hilum|hilar]] displacement, elevation of ipsilateral [[Thoracic diaphragm|diaphragm]], rib crowding, [[displacement]] of [[Fissure|fissures]], and compensatory hyperlucency of the remaining [[Lung|lobes]]. CT findings associated with complete atelectasis of an entire [[lung]] include opacification of the entire hemithorax and ipsilateral shift of the [[mediastinum]]. Collapse of different parts of the lung have their own characteristic appearance. For example, a collapsed right middle lobe has a tilted icecream sign which appears as a triangular [[opacity]] against the border of the right heart with a laterally pointed apex. On the other hand, RUL collapse appears as a right paratracheal opacity, with a concave lateral appearance of the [[Fissure|minor lung fissure]].
 
OR
 
[Location] CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of [disease name]. Findings on CT scan suggestive of/diagnostic of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
 
OR
 
There are no CT scan findings associated with [disease name]. However, a CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of [disease name], which include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].


==CT==
==CT==
*There are no CT scan findings associated with [disease name].
*CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of atelectasis. Findings on CT scan suggestive of atelectasis include direct and indirect signs of [[Collapse|lobar collapse]]:
OR
**Loss of volume on ipsilateral hemithorax
*[Location] CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of [disease name]. Findings on CT scan suggestive of/diagnostic of [disease name] include:
**[[Rib]] crowding
**[Finding 1]
**Silhouetting of the [[Thoracic diaphragm|diaphragm]] or the heart border
**[Finding 2]
**Elevation of ipsilateral [[Thoracic diaphragm|diaphragm]]
**[Finding 3]
**[[Mediastinum|Mediastinal]] shift toward the side of collapse  
OR
**[[Hilum|Hilar]] displacement
There are no CT scan findings associated with [disease name]. However, a CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of [disease name], which include:
**Opacification of the [[Collapsed lung|collapsed lobe]]
[Complication 1]
**[[Displacement]] of [[Fissure|fissures]]
[Complication 2]
**Compensatory hyperlucency of the remaining [[Lung|lobes]]
[Complication 3]
*CT findings associated with complete atelectasis of an entire lung:
CT scans demonstrates direct and indirect signs of lobar collapse.
**Complete collapse of a lung leads to opacification of the entire hemithorax  
 
**Ipsilateral shift of the [[mediastinum]], distinguishing atelectasis from massive [[pleural effusion]]
Direct signs:
Displacement of fissures
Opacification of the collapsed lobe
 
Indirect signs:
Hilar displacement
Mediastinal shift toward the side of collapse
Loss of volume on ipsilateral hemithorax
Elevation of ipsilateral diaphragm
Rib crowding
Compensatory hyperlucency of the remaining lobes
Silhouetting of the diaphragm or the heart border.
 
Complete atelectasis of an entire lung:
Complete collapse of a lung leads to opacification of the entire hemithorax Ipsilateral shift of the mediastinum
Mediastinal shift separates atelectasis from massive pleural effusion


RUL collapse:
* CT findings associated with right upper lobe (RUL) collapse:
RUL collapse appears as a right paratracheal opacity  
** RUL collapse appears as a right paratracheal opacity  
Minor fissure appears concave laterally
** [[Fissure|Minor fissure]] appears concave laterally


Atelectatic RML:
* CT findings associated with atelectatic right middle lobe (RML):  
Tilted ice cream cone sign:
** Tilted icecream sign: Triangular opacity against the border of the right heart with a laterally pointed apex  
Appears as a triangular opacity against the right heart border with the apex pointing laterally


Collapsed RLL:
* CT findings of collapsed right lower lobe (RLL):  
Paraspinal masslike appearance  
** Paraspinal masslike appearance  


Left upper lobe (LUL) collapse:  
* CT findings of left upper lobe (LUL) collapse:  
Left upper lobe has an inferior location due to collapse
** Left upper lobe assumes an inferior location  
RUL appears to be shifted across the midline
** Midline shift of RUL  


Left lower lobe (LLL) collapse: Atelectatic LLL in the inferior posterior location
* CT findings of left lower lobe (LLL) collapse:  
** Atelectatic LLL is visible in the inferior posterior location
Images shown in this section are courtesy of RadsWiki and copylefted.
Images shown in this section are courtesy of RadsWiki and copylefted.


Revision as of 14:49, 22 February 2018

Atelectasis Microchapters

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Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Atelectasis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

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Future or Investigational Therapies

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Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

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NICE Guidance

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Atelectasis CT in the news

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Directions to Hospitals Treating Atelectasis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Atelectasis CT

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sudarshana Datta, MD [2]

Overview

CT findings suggestive of atelectasis include hilar displacement, elevation of ipsilateral diaphragm, rib crowding, displacement of fissures, and compensatory hyperlucency of the remaining lobes. CT findings associated with complete atelectasis of an entire lung include opacification of the entire hemithorax and ipsilateral shift of the mediastinum. Collapse of different parts of the lung have their own characteristic appearance. For example, a collapsed right middle lobe has a tilted icecream sign which appears as a triangular opacity against the border of the right heart with a laterally pointed apex. On the other hand, RUL collapse appears as a right paratracheal opacity, with a concave lateral appearance of the minor lung fissure.

CT

  • CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of atelectasis. Findings on CT scan suggestive of atelectasis include direct and indirect signs of lobar collapse:
  • CT findings associated with complete atelectasis of an entire lung:
    • Complete collapse of a lung leads to opacification of the entire hemithorax
    • Ipsilateral shift of the mediastinum, distinguishing atelectasis from massive pleural effusion
  • CT findings associated with right upper lobe (RUL) collapse:
    • RUL collapse appears as a right paratracheal opacity
    • Minor fissure appears concave laterally
  • CT findings associated with atelectatic right middle lobe (RML):
    • Tilted icecream sign: Triangular opacity against the border of the right heart with a laterally pointed apex
  • CT findings of collapsed right lower lobe (RLL):
    • Paraspinal masslike appearance
  • CT findings of left upper lobe (LUL) collapse:
    • Left upper lobe assumes an inferior location
    • Midline shift of RUL
  • CT findings of left lower lobe (LLL) collapse:
    • Atelectatic LLL is visible in the inferior posterior location

Images shown in this section are courtesy of RadsWiki and copylefted.

  • Right upper lobe collapse

    Right upper lobe collapse

  • CT: Right upper lobe collapse

    CT: Right upper lobe collapse

  • CT: Right upper lobe collapse

    CT: Right upper lobe collapse

References

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