Aortitis overview: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 8: Line 8:
==Classification==
==Classification==
Aortitis may be classified according to the cause into 2 groups: inflammatory and infectious<ref name="pmid10651596">{{cite journal | author = Bronze MS, Shirwany A, Corbett C, Schaberg DR | title = Infectious aortitis: an uncommon manifestation of infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae | journal = [[The American Journal of Medicine]] | volume = 107 | issue = 6 | pages = 627–30 | year = 1999 | month = December | pmid = 10651596 | doi = | url = http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002-9343(99)00306-X | issn = }}</ref><ref name="pmid18541754">{{cite journal | author = Gornik HL, Creager MA | title = Aortitis | journal = [[Circulation]] | volume = 117 | issue = 23 | pages = 3039–51 | year = 2008 | month = June | pmid = 18541754 | pmc = 2759760 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.760686 | url = http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=18541754 | issn = }}</ref>.   
Aortitis may be classified according to the cause into 2 groups: inflammatory and infectious<ref name="pmid10651596">{{cite journal | author = Bronze MS, Shirwany A, Corbett C, Schaberg DR | title = Infectious aortitis: an uncommon manifestation of infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae | journal = [[The American Journal of Medicine]] | volume = 107 | issue = 6 | pages = 627–30 | year = 1999 | month = December | pmid = 10651596 | doi = | url = http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002-9343(99)00306-X | issn = }}</ref><ref name="pmid18541754">{{cite journal | author = Gornik HL, Creager MA | title = Aortitis | journal = [[Circulation]] | volume = 117 | issue = 23 | pages = 3039–51 | year = 2008 | month = June | pmid = 18541754 | pmc = 2759760 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.760686 | url = http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=18541754 | issn = }}</ref>.   
==Pathophysiology==
Aortitis is [[inflammation]] or [[infection]] of the aortic wall.<ref name="pmid18541754">{{cite journal| author=Gornik HL, Creager MA| title=Aortitis. | journal=Circulation | year= 2008 | volume= 117 | issue= 23 | pages= 3039-51 | pmid=18541754 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.760686 | pmc=PMC2759760 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18541754  }} </ref> On microscopic histopathological analysis, extensive intimal and adventitial [[fibrosis]] and  scarring with resultant luminal narrowing are characteristic findings of aortitis due to [[Takayasu arteritis]].  Extensive medial [[inflammation]] and [[necrosis]] are characteristic findings on microscopic histopathological analysis of aortitis due to [[giant cell arteritis]].<ref name="pmid18541754">{{cite journal| author=Gornik HL, Creager MA| title=Aortitis. | journal=Circulation | year= 2008 | volume= 117 | issue= 23 | pages= 3039-51 | pmid=18541754 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.760686 | pmc=PMC2759760 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18541754  }} </ref> The majority of cases of infectious aortitis are due to [[bacteria]] seeding through a segment of the aortic wall with existing pathology via the [[vasa vasorum]].
==Causes==
==Causes==
Life threatening causes of aortitis include bacteremia and mycotic aneurysm. Common causes of aortitis include [[ankylosing spondylitis]], [[giant cell arteritis]], [[Takayasu arteritis]], and [[syphilis]].
Life threatening causes of aortitis include bacteremia and mycotic aneurysm. Common causes of aortitis include [[ankylosing spondylitis]], [[giant cell arteritis]], [[Takayasu arteritis]], and [[syphilis]].

Revision as of 13:42, 16 September 2015

Aortitis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Aortitis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Aortitis overview On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

[1]

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Aortitis overview

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

on Aortitis overview

CDC on Aortitis overview

overview in the news

Blogs on Aortitis overview

Directions to Hospitals Treating Aortitis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Aortitis overview

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]

Overview

Aortitis is the inflammation of the aortic wall. The disorder is potentially life-threatening and rare. It is reported that there are only 1-3 new cases of aortitis per year per million people in the United States and Europe[1]. Aortitis is found in a wide range of ages spanning from 10 to 40 years of age.

Classification

Aortitis may be classified according to the cause into 2 groups: inflammatory and infectious[2][3].

Pathophysiology

Aortitis is inflammation or infection of the aortic wall.[3] On microscopic histopathological analysis, extensive intimal and adventitial fibrosis and scarring with resultant luminal narrowing are characteristic findings of aortitis due to Takayasu arteritis. Extensive medial inflammation and necrosis are characteristic findings on microscopic histopathological analysis of aortitis due to giant cell arteritis.[3] The majority of cases of infectious aortitis are due to bacteria seeding through a segment of the aortic wall with existing pathology via the vasa vasorum.

Causes

Life threatening causes of aortitis include bacteremia and mycotic aneurysm. Common causes of aortitis include ankylosing spondylitis, giant cell arteritis, Takayasu arteritis, and syphilis.

History and Symptoms

Treatment

Management appears to include the following treatment priorities; stop the inflammation, treat complications, prevent and monitor for re-occurrence.

Prognosis

References

  1. Bronze MS, Shirwany A, Corbett C, Schaberg DR (1999). "Infectious aortitis: an uncommon manifestation of infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae". The American Journal of Medicine. 107 (6): 627–30. PMID 10651596. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Gornik HL, Creager MA (2008). "Aortitis". Circulation. 117 (23): 3039–51. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.760686. PMC 2759760. PMID 18541754. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)


Template:WikiDoc Sources