Anemia of chronic disease diagnostic study of choice: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
There is no single diagnostic study of choice for test that will reliably make the diagnosis of ACD. | |||
==Diagnostic study of choice== | |||
There is no single diagnostic study of choice for test that will reliably make the diagnosis of ACD. In some cases, specific testing such as rheumatologic assays or serological tests can give insight into the underlying chronic inflammatory process that leads to ACD. For example, a female patient with anemia and multisystem symptoms should undergo laboratory testing including [[anti-nuclear antibody]], [[rheumatoid factor]], [[anti-CCP]], [[anti-dsDNA]], [[anti-Ro]], [[anti-La]].<ref name="pmid23091709">{{cite journal| author=Macciò A, Madeddu C| title=Management of anemia of inflammation in the elderly. | journal=Anemia | year= 2012 | volume= 2012 | issue= | pages= 563251 | pmid=23091709 | doi=10.1155/2012/563251 | pmc=3471391 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23091709 }} </ref> In experimental cases, interleukin (IL)-6 levels and hepcidin levels can be measured, but this is not commonly used in clinical practice. In theory, both IL-6 and hepcidin will be increased in patients with ACD.<ref name="pmid23091709">{{cite journal| author=Macciò A, Madeddu C| title=Management of anemia of inflammation in the elderly. | journal=Anemia | year= 2012 | volume= 2012 | issue= | pages= 563251 | pmid=23091709 | doi=10.1155/2012/563251 | pmc=3471391 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23091709 }} </ref><ref name="pmid19786207">{{cite journal| author=Ganz T, Nemeth E| title=Iron sequestration and anemia of inflammation. | journal=Semin Hematol | year= 2009 | volume= 46 | issue= 4 | pages= 387-93 | pmid=19786207 | doi=10.1053/j.seminhematol.2009.06.001 | pmc=2755591 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19786207 }} </ref> Other laboratory tests that are helpful in the diagnosis, albeit nonspecific tests, include erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP).<ref name="pmid25003720">{{cite journal| author=Borges ÁH, Weitz JI, Collins G, Baker JV, Lévy Y, Davey RT et al.| title=Markers of inflammation and activation of coagulation are associated with anaemia in antiretroviral-treated HIV disease. | journal=AIDS | year= 2014 | volume= 28 | issue= 12 | pages= 1791-6 | pmid=25003720 | doi=10.1097/QAD.0000000000000344 | pmc=4499102 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25003720 }} </ref> | |||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 22:42, 23 November 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[3]
Overview
There is no single diagnostic study of choice for test that will reliably make the diagnosis of ACD.
Diagnostic study of choice
There is no single diagnostic study of choice for test that will reliably make the diagnosis of ACD. In some cases, specific testing such as rheumatologic assays or serological tests can give insight into the underlying chronic inflammatory process that leads to ACD. For example, a female patient with anemia and multisystem symptoms should undergo laboratory testing including anti-nuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP, anti-dsDNA, anti-Ro, anti-La.[1] In experimental cases, interleukin (IL)-6 levels and hepcidin levels can be measured, but this is not commonly used in clinical practice. In theory, both IL-6 and hepcidin will be increased in patients with ACD.[1][2] Other laboratory tests that are helpful in the diagnosis, albeit nonspecific tests, include erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP).[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Macciò A, Madeddu C (2012). "Management of anemia of inflammation in the elderly". Anemia. 2012: 563251. doi:10.1155/2012/563251. PMC 3471391. PMID 23091709.
- ↑ Ganz T, Nemeth E (2009). "Iron sequestration and anemia of inflammation". Semin Hematol. 46 (4): 387–93. doi:10.1053/j.seminhematol.2009.06.001. PMC 2755591. PMID 19786207.
- ↑ Borges ÁH, Weitz JI, Collins G, Baker JV, Lévy Y, Davey RT; et al. (2014). "Markers of inflammation and activation of coagulation are associated with anaemia in antiretroviral-treated HIV disease". AIDS. 28 (12): 1791–6. doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000000344. PMC 4499102. PMID 25003720.