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{{Anemia of chronic disease}} | {{Anemia of chronic disease}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}{{shyam}}{{AE}}{{OK}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Conditions that can lead to anemia of chronic disease include autoimmune disorders, | Conditions that can lead to anemia of chronic disease include autoimmune disorders, [[cancer]], [[chronic kidney disease]] liver [[cirrhosis]], long-term [[infections]], [[HIV]]/[[AIDS]], [[hepatitis B]] or [[hepatitis C]], less production of [[erythropoietin]] (EPO) by [[kidneys]], resistance of [[bone marrow]] to EPO, decreased half life of [[red blood cells]], hospitalization for severe acute [[infections]], [[trauma]], or other conditions that cause [[inflammation]]. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Conditions that can lead to anemia of chronic disease include: | Conditions that can lead to anemia of chronic disease include:<ref name="pmid12901142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Means RT |title=Recent developments in the anemia of chronic disease |journal=Curr. Hematol. Rep. |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=116–21 |date=March 2003 |pmid=12901142 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15987710">{{cite journal |vauthors=Opasich C, Cazzola M, Scelsi L, De Feo S, Bosimini E, Lagioia R, Febo O, Ferrari R, Fucili A, Moratti R, Tramarin R, Tavazzi L |title=Blunted erythropoietin production and defective iron supply for erythropoiesis as major causes of anaemia in patients with chronic heart failure |journal=Eur. Heart J. |volume=26 |issue=21 |pages=2232–7 |date=November 2005 |pmid=15987710 |doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehi388 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19907148">{{cite journal |vauthors=Silverberg DS, Wexler D, Palazzuoli A, Iaina A, Schwartz D |title=The anemia of heart failure |journal=Acta Haematol. |volume=122 |issue=2-3 |pages=109–19 |date=2009 |pmid=19907148 |doi=10.1159/000243795 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20368776">{{cite journal |vauthors=Price EA, Schrier SL |title=Unexplained aspects of anemia of inflammation |journal=Adv Hematol |volume=2010 |issue= |pages=508739 |date=2010 |pmid=20368776 |pmc=2846342 |doi=10.1155/2010/508739 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Autoimmune disorders, such as [[Crohn's disease]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]], and [[ulcerative colitis]] | *Autoimmune disorders, such as [[Crohn's disease]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]], and [[ulcerative colitis]] | ||
*[[Cancer]], including [[lymphoma]] and [[Hodgkin | *[[Cancer]], including [[non-Hodgkin lymphoma]] and [[Hodgkin disease]] | ||
*[[Chronic kidney disease]] | *[[Chronic kidney disease]]<ref name="pmid27756061">{{cite journal| author=Madu AJ, Ughasoro MD| title=Anaemia of Chronic Disease: An In-Depth Review. | journal=Med Princ Pract | year= 2017 | volume= 26 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-9 | pmid=27756061 | doi=10.1159/000452104 | pmc=5588399 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27756061 }} </ref> | ||
*Liver [[cirrhosis]] | *Liver [[cirrhosis]] | ||
*Long-term [[infections]], such as [[bacterial endocarditis]], [[osteomyelitis]] (bone infection), [[HIV]]/[[AIDS]], [[hepatitis B]] or [[hepatitis C]] | *Long-term [[infections]], such as [[bacterial endocarditis]], [[osteomyelitis]] (bone infection), [[HIV]]/[[AIDS]], [[hepatitis B]] or [[hepatitis C]] | ||
*Inability to properly store and use [[iron]] normally | |||
* | *Less production of [[erythropoietin]] (EPO) by [[kidneys]] | ||
* Less production of [[erythropoietin]] (EPO) by [[kidneys]] | *Resistance of [[bone marrow]] to EPO | ||
* Resistance of [[bone marrow]] to EPO | *Decreased half life of [[red blood cells]] | ||
* Decreased half life of [[red blood cells]] | *Hospitalization for severe acute [[infections]], [[trauma]], or other conditions that cause [[inflammation]] | ||
*[[Aging]], which can contribute to [[inflammation]] and [[anemia]] | |||
* | *Sarcoidosis | ||
* [[Aging]] | *Vasculitis and other rheumatologic disease<ref name="pmid27756061">{{cite journal| author=Madu AJ, Ughasoro MD| title=Anaemia of Chronic Disease: An In-Depth Review. | journal=Med Princ Pract | year= 2017 | volume= 26 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-9 | pmid=27756061 | doi=10.1159/000452104 | pmc=5588399 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27756061 }} </ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 23:05, 29 November 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Shyam Patel [2]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[3]
Overview
Conditions that can lead to anemia of chronic disease include autoimmune disorders, cancer, chronic kidney disease liver cirrhosis, long-term infections, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B or hepatitis C, less production of erythropoietin (EPO) by kidneys, resistance of bone marrow to EPO, decreased half life of red blood cells, hospitalization for severe acute infections, trauma, or other conditions that cause inflammation.
Causes
Conditions that can lead to anemia of chronic disease include:[1][2][3][4]
- Autoimmune disorders, such as Crohn's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and ulcerative colitis
- Cancer, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin disease
- Chronic kidney disease[5]
- Liver cirrhosis
- Long-term infections, such as bacterial endocarditis, osteomyelitis (bone infection), HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B or hepatitis C
- Inability to properly store and use iron normally
- Less production of erythropoietin (EPO) by kidneys
- Resistance of bone marrow to EPO
- Decreased half life of red blood cells
- Hospitalization for severe acute infections, trauma, or other conditions that cause inflammation
- Aging, which can contribute to inflammation and anemia
- Sarcoidosis
- Vasculitis and other rheumatologic disease[5]
References
- ↑ Means RT (March 2003). "Recent developments in the anemia of chronic disease". Curr. Hematol. Rep. 2 (2): 116–21. PMID 12901142.
- ↑ Opasich C, Cazzola M, Scelsi L, De Feo S, Bosimini E, Lagioia R, Febo O, Ferrari R, Fucili A, Moratti R, Tramarin R, Tavazzi L (November 2005). "Blunted erythropoietin production and defective iron supply for erythropoiesis as major causes of anaemia in patients with chronic heart failure". Eur. Heart J. 26 (21): 2232–7. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi388. PMID 15987710.
- ↑ Silverberg DS, Wexler D, Palazzuoli A, Iaina A, Schwartz D (2009). "The anemia of heart failure". Acta Haematol. 122 (2–3): 109–19. doi:10.1159/000243795. PMID 19907148.
- ↑ Price EA, Schrier SL (2010). "Unexplained aspects of anemia of inflammation". Adv Hematol. 2010: 508739. doi:10.1155/2010/508739. PMC 2846342. PMID 20368776.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Madu AJ, Ughasoro MD (2017). "Anaemia of Chronic Disease: An In-Depth Review". Med Princ Pract. 26 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1159/000452104. PMC 5588399. PMID 27756061.