Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Natural History== | ==Natural History== | ||
*The classic form, accounting for 70-90% of cases, typically follows a [[monophasic]] pattern<ref name="pmid15295226">{{cite journal| author=Leake JA, Albani S, Kao AS, Senac MO, Billman GF, Nespeca MP | display-authors=etal| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in childhood: epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features. | journal=Pediatr Infect Dis J | year= 2004 | volume= 23 | issue= 8 | pages= 756-64 | pmid=15295226 | doi=10.1097/01.inf.0000133048.75452.dd | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15295226 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12391351">{{cite journal| author=Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long-term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients. | journal=Neurology | year= 2002 | volume= 59 | issue= 8 | pages= 1224-31 | pmid=12391351 | doi=10.1212/wnl.59.8.1224 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12391351 }} </ref>. However, [[multiphasic]] [[disease]] progression ([[M-ADEM]]) has also been previously reported. | *The classic form, accounting for 70-90% of cases, typically follows a [[monophasic]] pattern<ref name="pmid15295226">{{cite journal| author=Leake JA, Albani S, Kao AS, Senac MO, Billman GF, Nespeca MP | display-authors=etal| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in childhood: epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features. | journal=Pediatr Infect Dis J | year= 2004 | volume= 23 | issue= 8 | pages= 756-64 | pmid=15295226 | doi=10.1097/01.inf.0000133048.75452.dd | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15295226 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12391351">{{cite journal| author=Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long-term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients. | journal=Neurology | year= 2002 | volume= 59 | issue= 8 | pages= 1224-31 | pmid=12391351 | doi=10.1212/wnl.59.8.1224 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12391351 }} </ref>. However, [[multiphasic]] [[disease]] progression ([[M-ADEM]]) has also been previously reported<ref name="pmid26620160">{{cite journal| author=Berzero G, Cortese A, Ravaglia S, Marchioni E| title=Diagnosis and therapy of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and its variants. | journal=Expert Rev Neurother | year= 2016 | volume= 16 | issue= 1 | pages= 83-101 | pmid=26620160 | doi=10.1586/14737175.2015.1126510 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26620160 }} </ref>. | ||
*The lag period between [[onset]] to first [[relapse]] can vary from 2 months to 8 years, with one case showing [[recurrence]] after three decades. | *The lag period between [[onset]] to first [[relapse]] can vary from 2 months to 8 years<ref name="pmid12391351">{{cite journal| author=Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long-term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients. | journal=Neurology | year= 2002 | volume= 59 | issue= 8 | pages= 1224-31 | pmid=12391351 | doi=10.1212/wnl.59.8.1224 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12391351 }} </ref>, with one case showing [[recurrence]] after three decades<ref name="pmid26984094">{{cite journal| author=Numa S, Kasai T, Kondo T, Kushimura Y, Kimura A, Takahashi H | display-authors=etal| title=An Adult Case of Anti-Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) Antibody-associated Multiphasic Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis at 33-year Intervals. | journal=Intern Med | year= 2016 | volume= 55 | issue= 6 | pages= 699-702 | pmid=26984094 | doi=10.2169/internalmedicine.55.5727 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26984094 }} </ref>. | ||
* Most of [[M-ADEM]] patients demonstrate resolution of [[lesions]] with no [[neurological]] [[sequelae]] on long-term [[clinical]] and [[imaging]] follow-up. | * Most of [[M-ADEM]] patients demonstrate resolution of [[lesions]] with no [[neurological]] [[sequelae]] on long-term [[clinical]] and [[imaging]] follow-up<ref name="pmid23572237">{{cite journal| author=Krupp LB, Tardieu M, Amato MP, Banwell B, Chitnis T, Dale RC | display-authors=etal| title=International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group criteria for pediatric multiple sclerosis and immune-mediated central nervous system demyelinating disorders: revisions to the 2007 definitions. | journal=Mult Scler | year= 2013 | volume= 19 | issue= 10 | pages= 1261-7 | pmid=23572237 | doi=10.1177/1352458513484547 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23572237 }} </ref>. | ||
*[[MRI]] of patients with co-existent [[M-ADEM]] and [[anti-MOG]] [[antibodies]] typically reveal no new [[lesions]] in the [[asymptomatic period]]. | *[[MRI]] of patients with co-existent [[M-ADEM]] and [[anti-MOG]] [[antibodies]] typically reveal no new [[lesions]] in the [[asymptomatic period]]<ref name="pmid26869530">{{cite journal| author=Baumann M, Hennes EM, Schanda K, Karenfort M, Kornek B, Seidl R | display-authors=etal| title=Children with multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis and antibodies to the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG): Extending the spectrum of MOG antibody positive diseases. | journal=Mult Scler | year= 2016 | volume= 22 | issue= 14 | pages= 1821-1829 | pmid=26869530 | doi=10.1177/1352458516631038 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26869530 }} </ref>. | ||
==[[Complications]]== | ==[[Complications]]== | ||
Revision as of 07:09, 15 November 2022
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujaya Chattopadhyay, M.D.[2]
Overview
Natural History
- The classic form, accounting for 70-90% of cases, typically follows a monophasic pattern[1][2]. However, multiphasic disease progression (M-ADEM) has also been previously reported[3].
- The lag period between onset to first relapse can vary from 2 months to 8 years[2], with one case showing recurrence after three decades[4].
- Most of M-ADEM patients demonstrate resolution of lesions with no neurological sequelae on long-term clinical and imaging follow-up[5].
- MRI of patients with co-existent M-ADEM and anti-MOG antibodies typically reveal no new lesions in the asymptomatic period[6].
Complications
Prognosis
References
- ↑ Leake JA, Albani S, Kao AS, Senac MO, Billman GF, Nespeca MP; et al. (2004). "Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in childhood: epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features". Pediatr Infect Dis J. 23 (8): 756–64. doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000133048.75452.dd. PMID 15295226.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N (2002). "Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long-term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients". Neurology. 59 (8): 1224–31. doi:10.1212/wnl.59.8.1224. PMID 12391351.
- ↑ Berzero G, Cortese A, Ravaglia S, Marchioni E (2016). "Diagnosis and therapy of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and its variants". Expert Rev Neurother. 16 (1): 83–101. doi:10.1586/14737175.2015.1126510. PMID 26620160.
- ↑ Numa S, Kasai T, Kondo T, Kushimura Y, Kimura A, Takahashi H; et al. (2016). "An Adult Case of Anti-Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) Antibody-associated Multiphasic Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis at 33-year Intervals". Intern Med. 55 (6): 699–702. doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.55.5727. PMID 26984094.
- ↑ Krupp LB, Tardieu M, Amato MP, Banwell B, Chitnis T, Dale RC; et al. (2013). "International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group criteria for pediatric multiple sclerosis and immune-mediated central nervous system demyelinating disorders: revisions to the 2007 definitions". Mult Scler. 19 (10): 1261–7. doi:10.1177/1352458513484547. PMID 23572237.
- ↑ Baumann M, Hennes EM, Schanda K, Karenfort M, Kornek B, Seidl R; et al. (2016). "Children with multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis and antibodies to the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG): Extending the spectrum of MOG antibody positive diseases". Mult Scler. 22 (14): 1821–1829. doi:10.1177/1352458516631038. PMID 26869530.