Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
 
(30 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis}}
{{Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{Sujaya}}
 
{{PleaseHelp}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
The average annual [[incidence]] of [[ADEM]] is between 0.07 and 0.6 per 1,00,000 individuals per year. It is more common during childhood, with a median age on onset between 5-8 years and a male predominance (1.8:1).


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==


==Incidence==
===Epidemiology===
 
*Average annual [[incidence]] is between 0.07 and 0.6 per 1,00,000 individuals per year<ref name="pmid24495742">{{cite journal| author=Xiong CH, Yan Y, Liao Z, Peng SH, Wen HR, Zhang YX | display-authors=etal| title=Epidemiological characteristics of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in Nanchang, China: a retrospective study. | journal=BMC Public Health | year= 2014 | volume= 14 | issue=  | pages= 111 | pmid=24495742 | doi=10.1186/1471-2458-14-111 | pmc=3922734 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24495742 }} </ref> <ref name="pmid19942388">{{cite journal| author=Torisu H, Kira R, Ishizaki Y, Sanefuji M, Yamaguchi Y, Yasumoto S | display-authors=etal| title=Clinical study of childhood acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis, and acute transverse myelitis in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. | journal=Brain Dev | year= 2010 | volume= 32 | issue= 6 | pages= 454-62 | pmid=19942388 | doi=10.1016/j.braindev.2009.10.006 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19942388 }} </ref><ref name="pmid17219129">{{cite journal| author=Pohl D, Hennemuth I, von Kries R, Hanefeld F| title=Paediatric multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in Germany: results of a nationwide survey. | journal=Eur J Pediatr | year= 2007 | volume= 166 | issue= 5 | pages= 405-12 | pmid=17219129 | doi=10.1007/s00431-006-0249-2 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17219129 }} </ref>.
*The [[Incidence (epidemiology)|Incidence]] of [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis causes|Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] is about 1 in 125,000-250,000 people each year, in children younger than 10 years, despite the fact that it is a rare disorder.<ref name="pmid11376179">{{cite journal| author=Hynson JL, Kornberg AJ, Coleman LT, Shield L, Harvey AS, Kean MJ| title=Clinical and neuroradiologic features of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. | journal=Neurology | year= 2001 | volume= 56 | issue= 10 | pages= 1308-12 | pmid=11376179 | doi=10.1212/wnl.56.10.1308 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11376179 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12165620">{{cite journal| author=Murthy SN, Faden HS, Cohen ME, Bakshi R| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. | journal=Pediatrics | year= 2002 | volume= 110 | issue= 2 Pt 1 | pages= e21 | pmid=12165620 | doi=10.1542/peds.110.2.e21 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12165620 }}</ref>
*Population-based studies revealed a slightly lower [[incidence]] in the US and UK compared to Asian countries. The [[incidence]] of [[pediatric]] [[ADEM]] varies between 0.47/100000 and 0.64/100000 in the Asian countries <ref name="pmid19942388" /><ref name="pmid17219129" /> compared to 0.07/100000 and 0.30/100000 in Europe and San Diego <ref name="pmid17219129" /><ref name="pmid15295226">{{cite journal| author=Leake JA, Albani S, Kao AS, Senac MO, Billman GF, Nespeca MP | display-authors=etal| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in childhood: epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features. | journal=Pediatr Infect Dis J | year= 2004 | volume= 23 | issue= 8 | pages= 756-64 | pmid=15295226 | doi=10.1097/01.inf.0000133048.75452.dd | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15295226 }}</ref><ref name="pmid26463471">{{cite journal| author=Gudbjornsson BT, Haraldsson Á, Einarsdóttir H, Thorarensen Ó| title=Nationwide Incidence of Acquired Central Nervous System Demyelination in Icelandic Children. | journal=Pediatr Neurol | year= 2015 | volume= 53 | issue= 6 | pages= 503-7 | pmid=26463471 | doi=10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.08.020 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26463471 }}</ref> .
*Each year, regional medical centers in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia see three to six instances.<ref name="pmid11099444"><nowiki>{{cite journal| author=Dale RC, de Sousa C, Chong WK, Cox TC, Harding B, Neville BG| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis in children. </nowiki>
* The [[incidence]] seems to be increasing with the distance from the Equator<ref name="pmid25265138">{{cite journal| author=Pellegrino P, Radice S, Clementi E| title=Geoepidemiology of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. | journal=Epidemiology | year= 2014 | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 928-9 | pmid=25265138 | doi=10.1097/EDE.0000000000000176 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25265138  }}</ref>.
 
===Prevalence===
 
*The prevalance of [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis causes|Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] rises as one moves further away from the Equator.<nowiki><ref name="pmid27742816"></nowiki>{{cite journal| author=Yamaguchi Y, Torisu H, Kira R, Ishizaki Y, Sakai Y, Sanefuji M | display-authors=etal| title=A nationwide survey of pediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes in Japan. | journal=Neurology | year= 2016 | volume= 87 | issue= 19 | pages= 2006-2015 | pmid=27742816 | doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000003318 | pmc=5109945 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27742816 }}</ref><ref name="pmid25761377">{{cite journal| author=Koelman DL, Mateen FJ| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: current controversies in diagnosis and outcome. | journal=J Neurol | year= 2015 | volume= 262 | issue= 9 | pages= 2013-24 | pmid=25761377 | doi=10.1007/s00415-015-7694-7 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25761377 }}*Majority are categorized as post-[[infectious]] [[central nervous system]] illness ([[viral]] or [[Bacterial|bacteria]]<nowiki/>l) being recorded in up to 50–75 percent of patients and the minority being after [[vaccination]].</ref><ref name="pmid26620160">{{cite journal| author=Berzero G, Cortese A, Ravaglia S, Marchioni E| title=Diagnosis and therapy of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and its variants. | journal=Expert Rev Neurother | year= 2016 | volume= 16 | issue= 1 | pages= 83-101 | pmid=26620160 | doi=10.1586/14737175.2015.1126510 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26620160  }}</ref>
 
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate===
 
*Although [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis causes|Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] is potentially [[lethal]], the mortality rate is none to low, but few studies found that [[Mortality rate|mortality]] was around 3%.<ref name="pmid22516794">{{cite journal| author=Absoud M, Lim MJ, Chong WK, De Goede CG, Foster K, Gunny R | display-authors=etal| title=Paediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes: incidence, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features. | journal=Mult Scler | year= 2013 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 76-86 | pmid=22516794 | doi=10.1177/1352458512445944 | pmc=3409874 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22516794  }}</ref><ref name="pmid29141794">{{cite journal| author=Iype M, Kunju PAM, Saradakutty G, Anish TS, Sreedharan M, Ahamed SM| title=Short term outcome of ADEM: Results from a retrospective cohort study from South India. | journal=Mult Scler Relat Disord | year= 2017 | volume= 18 | issue=  | pages= 128-134 | pmid=29141794 | doi=10.1016/j.msard.2017.09.018 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29141794 }}</ref><ref name="pmid28768844">{{cite journal| author=Hennes EM, Baumann M, Schanda K, Anlar B, Bajer-Kornek B, Blaschek A | display-authors=etal| title=Prognostic relevance of MOG antibodies in children with an acquired demyelinating syndrome. | journal=Neurology | year= 2017 | volume= 89 | issue= 9 | pages= 900-908 | pmid=28768844 | doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000004312 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28768844  }}</ref><ref name="pmid20876155">{{cite journal| author=Absoud M, Parslow RC, Wassmer E, Hemingway C, Duncan HP, Cummins C | display-authors=etal| title=Severe acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a paediatric intensive care population-based study. | journal=Mult Scler | year= 2011 | volume= 17 | issue= 10 | pages= 1258-61 | pmid=20876155 | doi=10.1177/1352458510382554 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20876155 }}</ref>
 
===Age===
 
*The usual [[age]] of onset is 3 to 7 years, few cases been reported between 10 and twenty.
 
===Gender===
 
*[[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis causes|Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] affects males more likely than females (male to female ratio of 1.3:1), and it happens more frequently in the winter and spring.
 
===Race===
 
*There is no [[racial]] predilection to the development of [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis causes|Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] and affects people all over the world.<ref name="pmid25265138">{{cite journal| author=Pellegrino P, Radice S, Clementi E| title=Geoepidemiology of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. | journal=Epidemiology | year= 2014 | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 928-9 | pmid=25265138 | doi=10.1097/EDE.0000000000000176 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25265138  }}</ref>
 
===Region===


*It affects people all over the world, comparable to the geographic distribution of [[Multiple sclerosis]].
===Demographics===
* [[ADEM]] is more common during childhood with a [[median]] age of onset between 5-8 years and a male predominance (1.8:1)<ref name="pmid12391351">{{cite journal| author=Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long-term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients. | journal=Neurology | year= 2002 | volume= 59 | issue= 8 | pages= 1224-31 | pmid=12391351 | doi=10.1212/wnl.59.8.1224 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12391351  }}</ref>.
* The adult age of [[presentation]] ranges from 33 to 41 years without any gender preference.
* No specific ethnic distribution has been described.


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 10:08, 8 December 2022

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis epidemiology and demographics On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis epidemiology and demographics

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis epidemiology and demographics

CDC on Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis epidemiology and demographics

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis epidemiology and demographics in the news

Blogs on Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis epidemiology and demographics

Directions to Hospitals Treating Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis epidemiology and demographics

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujaya Chattopadhyay, M.D.[2]

Overview

The average annual incidence of ADEM is between 0.07 and 0.6 per 1,00,000 individuals per year. It is more common during childhood, with a median age on onset between 5-8 years and a male predominance (1.8:1).

Epidemiology and Demographics

Epidemiology

  • Average annual incidence is between 0.07 and 0.6 per 1,00,000 individuals per year[1] [2][3].
  • Population-based studies revealed a slightly lower incidence in the US and UK compared to Asian countries. The incidence of pediatric ADEM varies between 0.47/100000 and 0.64/100000 in the Asian countries [2][3] compared to 0.07/100000 and 0.30/100000 in Europe and San Diego [3][4][5] .
  • The incidence seems to be increasing with the distance from the Equator[6].

Demographics

  • ADEM is more common during childhood with a median age of onset between 5-8 years and a male predominance (1.8:1)[7].
  • The adult age of presentation ranges from 33 to 41 years without any gender preference.
  • No specific ethnic distribution has been described.

References

  1. ↑ Xiong CH, Yan Y, Liao Z, Peng SH, Wen HR, Zhang YX; et al. (2014). "Epidemiological characteristics of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in Nanchang, China: a retrospective study". BMC Public Health. 14: 111. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-111. PMC 3922734. PMID 24495742.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Torisu H, Kira R, Ishizaki Y, Sanefuji M, Yamaguchi Y, Yasumoto S; et al. (2010). "Clinical study of childhood acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis, and acute transverse myelitis in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan". Brain Dev. 32 (6): 454–62. doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2009.10.006. PMID 19942388.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Pohl D, Hennemuth I, von Kries R, Hanefeld F (2007). "Paediatric multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in Germany: results of a nationwide survey". Eur J Pediatr. 166 (5): 405–12. doi:10.1007/s00431-006-0249-2. PMID 17219129.
  4. ↑ Leake JA, Albani S, Kao AS, Senac MO, Billman GF, Nespeca MP; et al. (2004). "Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in childhood: epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features". Pediatr Infect Dis J. 23 (8): 756–64. doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000133048.75452.dd. PMID 15295226.
  5. ↑ Gudbjornsson BT, Haraldsson Á, Einarsdóttir H, Thorarensen Ó (2015). "Nationwide Incidence of Acquired Central Nervous System Demyelination in Icelandic Children". Pediatr Neurol. 53 (6): 503–7. doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.08.020. PMID 26463471.
  6. ↑ Pellegrino P, Radice S, Clementi E (2014). "Geoepidemiology of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis". Epidemiology. 25 (6): 928–9. doi:10.1097/EDE.0000000000000176. PMID 25265138.
  7. ↑ Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N (2002). "Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long-term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients". Neurology. 59 (8): 1224–31. doi:10.1212/wnl.59.8.1224. PMID 12391351.
Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Acute_disseminated_encephalomyelitis_epidemiology_and_demographics&oldid=1731935"