Acromegaly history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 21:54, 24 August 2017

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]

Overview

Common symptoms of acromegaly include enlarged hands and feet, headache, increase sweating, sexual dysfunction, skin thickening, deepening of the voice and, an enlarged tongue. Less common symptoms of acromegaly include visual defects and irregular menses in the women.

History and Symptoms

History

Patients with acromegaly may have a positive history of:

Rapid onset of acromegaly symptoms development
Increase in shoe size due to enlarged feet
Increase in ring size due to enlarged hand

Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of acromegaly include:^[1]^[2]

Enlarged hands and feet
Change in the facial features
Headache
Increase sweating
Paraesthesia
Sexual dysfunction
Skin thickening
Protrusion of the lower mandible
Deepening of voice
Enlarged tongue

Less Common Symptoms

Less common symptoms of acromegaly include:

Visual defects
In women, irregular menses

References

↑ Molitch ME (1992). "Clinical manifestations of acromegaly". Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 21 (3): 597–614. PMID 1521514.
↑ Melmed S (2009). "Acromegaly pathogenesis and treatment". J Clin Invest. 119 (11): 3189–202. doi:10.1172/JCI39375. PMC 2769196. PMID 19884662.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[pmid1521514-1] Molitch ME (1992). "Clinical manifestations of acromegaly". Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 21 (3): 597–614. PMID 1521514.

[pmid19884662-2] Melmed S (2009). "Acromegaly pathogenesis and treatment". J Clin Invest. 119 (11): 3189–202. doi:10.1172/JCI39375. PMC 2769196. PMID 19884662.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Acromegaly}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AEL}}
 ==Overview==
+Common symptoms of acromegaly include enlarged hands and feet, [[headache]], increase sweating, [[sexual dysfunction]], [[skin]] thickening, deepening of the voice and, an [[Macroglossia|enlarged tongue]].  Less common symptoms of acromegaly include visual defects and irregular menses in the women.
 ==History and Symptoms==
-[[Image:Acromegaly prognathism.JPEG|thumb|left|[[Mandible|Mandibular]] overgrowth leads to [[prognathism]], maxillary widening, teeth separation and jaw [[malocclusion]].]]
+===History===
-Features that result from high level of hGH or expanding tumor include:
+Patients with acromegaly may have a positive history of:
-* Soft tissue swelling of the hands and feet
+*Rapid onset of acromegaly symptoms development
-* Brow and lower jaw protrusion
+*Increase in shoe size due to enlarged [[feet]]
-* Enlarging hands
+*Increase in ring size due to enlarged [[hand]]
-* Enlarging feet
+===Common Symptoms===
-* [[Arthritis]] and [[carpal tunnel syndrome]]
+Common symptoms of acromegaly include:<ref name="pmid1521514">{{cite journal| author=Molitch ME| title=Clinical manifestations of acromegaly. | journal=Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am | year= 1992 | volume= 21 | issue= 3 | pages= 597-614 | pmid=1521514 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1521514  }} </ref><ref name="pmid19884662">{{cite journal| author=Melmed S| title=Acromegaly pathogenesis and treatment. | journal=J Clin Invest | year= 2009 | volume= 119 | issue= 11 | pages= 3189-202 | pmid=19884662 | doi=10.1172/JCI39375 | pmc=2769196 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19884662  }} </ref>
-* Teeth spacing increase
+*Enlarged hands and feet
-* [[Macroglossia]] [enlarged tongue]
+*Change in the facial features
-* [[Heart failure]]
+*[[Headache]]
-* [[Kidney failure]]
+*Increase [[sweating]]
-* Compression of the [[optic chiasm]] leading to loss of vision in the outer visual fields (typically [[bitemporal hemianopia]])
+*[[Paraesthesia]]
-* [[Headache]]
+*[[Sexual dysfunction]]
-* [[Diabetes mellitus]]
+*[[Skin]] thickening
-* [[Hypertension]]
+*Protrusion of the lower [[mandible]]
-* Enlarging heart
+*Deepening of voice
-* Increased palmar sweating and [[sebum]] production over the face ([[seborrhea]]) are clinical indicators of active growth hormone (GH) producing pituitary tumours. These symptoms can also be used to monitor the activity of the tumour after surgery although biochemical monitoring is confirmatory.
+*[[Macroglossia|Enlarged tongue]]
-(Image courtesy of Charlie Goldberg, M.D., UCSD School of Medicine and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California)
-<div align="left">
-<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
-Image:acromegaly1.jpg|Facial changes secondary to elevated growth hormone levels.  Note in particular prominent supra-orbital ridge, jaw, and generally enlarged facial features.
-Image:Acromegaly3.jpg|Markedly enlarged hand resulting from excess growth hormone.  For reference purposes, the comparison hand is size 6 1/2.
-Image:acromegaly4.jpg|Facial changes secondary to elevated growth hormone levels.  Note in particular prominent supra-orbital ridge, jaw, and generally enlarged facial features.
-</gallery>
-</div>
-[[Image:Acromegaly facial features.JPEG|thumb|center|Facial aspect of a patient with acromegaly. The nose is widened and thickened, the [[cheekbones]] are obvious, the forehead bulges, the lips are thick and the facial lines are marked. The forehead and overlying skin is thickened, sometimes leading to [[frontal bossing]].]]
-[[Image:Acromegaly hands.JPEG|thumb|center|As compared with the hand of a typical person (left), the hand of a patient with acromegaly (right) is enlarged, the fingers are widened, thickened and stubby, and the soft tissue is thickened.]]
+===Less Common Symptoms===
-===Pituitary gigantism in children===
+Less common symptoms of acromegaly include:
-This condition of growth hormone excess is rare in children and is referred to as [[gigantism|pituitary gigantism]], because the excessive growth hormone produces excessive growth of bones and the child can achieve excessive height. As an affected child becomes an adult, many of the adult problems can gradually develop. The distinction between gigantism (occurring in children) and acromegaly (occurring in adults) can be made by the occurrence of the adenoma in relation to the closure of the [[Bone#Formation|epiphyses]]. If elevated growth hormone levels occur before the closure of the epiphyses (i.e. in prepubertal children), then gigantism ensues. If it occurs after the closure of the epiphyses (i.e., in adults) then acromegaly ensues.
+*Visual defects
+*In women, irregular menses
 ==References==
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-[[Category:Endocrinology]]