Diabetic foot physical examination

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Diabetic foot Microchapters

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Overview

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Differentiating Diabetic foot from other Diseases

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Physical Examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vishnu Vardhan Serla M.B.B.S. [2]

Physical Examination

Inspection

  • Dilated veins
  • Scar, Sinuses
  • Shiny skin
  • Hair distribution
  • Areas of Pigmentation
  • Areas of discolouration
  • Varicose vein
  • Ulcers
  • Brittle or broken nail
  • Fungal infection

Palpation

  • Temperature (increase temperature- deep vein thrombosis, decrease temperature-ischemia)
  • Tenderness (squeeze calf muscle and achilles tendon for tenderness)
  • Pulsation- Dorsalis pedis
  • Capillary filling time
  • Ulcers in pressure areas like ball of great toe, base of fifth metatarsal, posterior aspect of heel

Motor Examination

  • Nutrition/Bulk
  • Tone
  • Power
  • Reflexes

Sensory

  • Vibration
  • Joint position sense

References

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