PPM1A

Protein phosphatase 1A (formerly 2C), magnesium-dependent, alpha isoform
File:PBB Protein PPM1A image.jpg PDB rendering based on 1a6q.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1a6q​
Identifiers
Symbols	PPM1A ; MGC9201; PP2C-ALPHA; PP2CA
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 56428
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
File:PBB GE PPM1A 203966 s at tn.png
File:PBB GE PPM1A 210407 at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Protein phosphatase 1A (formerly 2C), magnesium-dependent, alpha isoform, also known as PPM1A, is a human gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the PP2C family of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases. PP2C family members are known to be negative regulators of cell stress response pathways. This phosphatase dephosphorylates, and negatively regulates the activities of, MAP kinases and MAP kinase kinases. It has been shown to inhibit the activation of p38 and JNK kinase cascades induced by environmental stresses. This phosphatase can also dephosphorylate cyclin-dependent kinases, and thus may be involved in cell cycle control. Overexpression of this phosphatase is reported to activate the expression of the tumor suppressor gene TP53/p53, which leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding two distinct isoforms have been described.

Further reading

• Mann DJ, Campbell DG, McGowan CH, Cohen PT (1992). "Mammalian protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2C: cDNA cloning and comparative analysis of amino acid sequences". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1130 (1): 100–4. PMID 1311954.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Redpath NT, Price NT, Severinov KV, Proud CG (1993). "Regulation of elongation factor-2 by multisite phosphorylation". Eur. J. Biochem. 213 (2): 689–99. PMID 8386634.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Das AK, Helps NR, Cohen PT, Barford D (1997). "Crystal structure of the protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2C at 2.0 A resolution". EMBO J. 15 (24): 6798–809. PMID 9003755.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Takekawa M, Maeda T, Saito H (1998). "Protein phosphatase 2Calpha inhibits the human stress-responsive p38 and JNK MAPK pathways". EMBO J. 17 (16): 4744–52. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.16.4744. PMID 9707433.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Fjeld CC, Denu JM (1999). "Kinetic analysis of human serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2Calpha". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (29): 20336–43. PMID 10400656.
• Hishiya A, Ohnishi M, Tamura S, Nakamura F (1999). "Protein phosphatase 2C inactivates F-actin binding of human platelet moesin". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (38): 26705–12. PMID 10480873.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Cheng A, Ross KE, Kaldis P, Solomon MJ (2000). "Dephosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases by type 2C protein phosphatases". Genes Dev. 13 (22): 2946–57. PMID 10580002.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Strovel ET, Wu D, Sussman DJ (2000). "Protein phosphatase 2Calpha dephosphorylates axin and activates LEF-1-dependent transcription". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (4): 2399–403. PMID 10644691.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Lifschitz-Mercer B, Sheinin Y, Ben-Meir D; et al. (2001). "Protein phosphatase 2Calpha expression in normal human tissues: an immunohistochemical study". Histochem. Cell Biol. 116 (1): 31–9. PMID 11479720.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Srivastava J, Goris J, Dilworth SM, Parker PJ (2002). "Dephosphorylation of PKCdelta by protein phosphatase 2Ac and its inhibition by nucleotides". FEBS Lett. 516 (1–3): 265–9. PMID 11959144.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Ofek P, Ben-Meir D, Kariv-Inbal Z; et al. (2003). "Cell cycle regulation and p53 activation by protein phosphatase 2C alpha". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (16): 14299–305. doi:10.1074/jbc.M211699200. PMID 12514180.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Matsuda A, Suzuki Y, Honda G; et al. (2003). "Large-scale identification and characterization of human genes that activate NF-kappaB and MAPK signaling pathways". Oncogene. 22 (21): 3307–18. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206406. PMID 12761501.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Flajolet M, Rakhilin S, Wang H; et al. (2004). "Protein phosphatase 2C binds selectively to and dephosphorylates metabotropic glutamate receptor 3". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (26): 16006–11. doi:10.1073/pnas.2136600100. PMID 14663150.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T; et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Yoshizaki T, Maegawa H, Egawa K; et al. (2004). "Protein phosphatase-2C alpha as a positive regulator of insulin sensitivity through direct activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in 3T3-L1 adipocytes". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (21): 22715–26. doi:10.1074/jbc.M313745200. PMID 15016818.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Li D, Wang F, Lai M; et al. (2005). "A protein phosphatase 2calpha-Ca2+ channel complex for dephosphorylation of neuronal Ca2+ channels phosphorylated by protein kinase C.". J. Neurosci. 25 (8): 1914–23. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4790-04.2005. PMID 15728831.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T; et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kitajima TS, Sakuno T, Ishiguro K; et al. (2006). "Shugoshin collaborates with protein phosphatase 2A to protect cohesin". Nature. 441 (7089): 46–52. doi:10.1038/nature04663. PMID 16541025.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)