Cavernous angioma future or investigational therapies
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Cavernous angioma Microchapters |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Edzel Lorrraine F. Co, D.M.D., M.D.
Future Investigations
- Several insights on development of cavernous angioma exist.
- Factors other than genetic mutation are considered such as: [1][2]
- oxidative stress
- inflammation
- alterations in angiogenesis
- gut microbiome involvement
- lipopolysaccharide can stimulate the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) found on walls of endothelium [3]
References
- ↑ Fischer A, Zalvide J, Faurobert E, Albiges-Rizo C, Tournier-Lasserve E (2013). "Cerebral cavernous malformations: from CCM genes to endothelial cell homeostasis". Trends Mol Med. 19 (5): 302–8. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2013.02.004. PMID 23506982.
- ↑ Retta SF, Glading AJ (2016). "Oxidative stress and inflammation in cerebral cavernous malformation disease pathogenesis: Two sides of the same coin". Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 81 (Pt B): 254–270. doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2016.09.011. PMC 5155701. PMID 27639680.
- ↑ Tang AT, Choi JP, Kotzin JJ, Yang Y, Hong CC, Hobson N; et al. (2017). "Endothelial TLR4 and the microbiome drive cerebral cavernous malformations". Nature. 545 (7654): 305–310. doi:10.1038/nature22075. PMC 5757866. PMID 28489816.