Sandbox:Trusha

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Trusha Tank, M.D.[2]

tab

Diseases Clinical manifestations Para-clinical findings Gold standard Comments
Symptoms
Lab Findings Imaging Histopathology
Constipation/Diarrhea Blood in stool Abdominal pain Other symptoms Anemia Tumor marker Endoscopy CT scan Other diagnostic study
Adenocarcinoma
Arteriovenous malformation[1] - + - - + -
  • Bright red, flat lesions
  • Rarely, polypoid
 - -
  • Aberrant vessels with thickened, hypertrophic walls in the mucosa and the submucosa.
  • Arteries directly connected to veins without capillary beds
Diverticulitis[2] +/- + - - Not recommended [3]
  • Outpouchings of the colonic wall (Diverticula)[3]
  • Inflamed diverticula
  • Abscess formation
  • Intraperitoneal free air (microperforation)
  • Barium enema: Circumferential narrowing[4]
  • Spiculated contour and tapered margins
Hemorrhoids[5] + -
  • Perianal Itching
  • Pain with defecation
  • Painfull, hard lump in anus
 + - -
  • DRE: Palpable mass, tender if thrombosed
Anal fissure[6] + - +/- - - -
Infectious colitis[7] + + - - -
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome[8]
Diseases Clinical manifestations Para-clinical findings Gold standard Comments
Symptoms
Lab Findings Imaging Histopathology
Constipation/Diarrhea Blood in stool Abdominal pain Other symptoms Anemia Tumor marker Colonoscopy CT scan Other diagnostic study
Carcinoids[9]
Juvenile Polyposis Coli
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST)[10]
Hamartoms
Colorectal Lymphoma[11]
Kaposi's sarcoma
Ulcerative colitis[12] Diarrhea + LLQ[12] + -
  • Mucosal and submucosal inflammation[12]
  • Hemorrhage or inflammatory polymorphonuclear cells aggregate in the lamina propria
  • Distorted crypts
  • Crypt abscess
  • Endoscopy and a mucosal biopsy[13]
Crohn's disease[12] Diarrhea + LRQ[12]
  • Tenesmus
 +
  • Discontinuous lesions
  • Strictures
  • Linear ulcerations[12]
 -
  • Transmural pattern of inflammation[12]
  • Mucosal damage
  • Focal infiltration of leukocytes into the epithelium
  • Granulomas
  • Endoscopy and a mucosal biopsy[13]
Irritable bowel syndrome Constipation and diarrhea + - - Nor recommended - -
Appendicitis
Diseases Symptom 1 Symptom 2 Symptom 3 Physical exam 1 Physical exam 2 Physical exam 3 Lab 1 Lab 2 Lab 3 Imaging 1 Imaging 2 Imaging 3 Histopathology Gold standard Additional findings
Strangulated hernia
Prostate Cancer
Bowel endometriosis

References

  1. ↑ Lee HH, Kwon HM, Gil S, Kim YS, Cho M, Seo KJ, Chae HS, Cho YS (2017). "Endoscopic resection of asymptomatic, colonic, polypoid arteriovenous malformations: Two case reports and a literature review". Saudi J Gastroenterol. 23 (1): 67–70. doi:10.4103/1319-3767.199111. PMC 5329980. PMID 28139503.
  2. ↑ Shen SH, Chen JD, Tiu CM, Chou YH, Chiang JH, Chang CY, Lee CH (September 2005). "Differentiating colonic diverticulitis from colon cancer: the value of computed tomography in the emergency setting". J Chin Med Assoc. 68 (9): 411–8. doi:10.1016/S1726-4901(09)70156-X. PMID 16187597.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Shen, Shu-Huei; Chen, Jen-Dar; Tiu, Chui-Mei; Chou, Yi-Hong; Chiang, Jen-Huei; Chang, Cheng-Yen; Lee, Chen-Hsen (2005). "Differentiating Colonic Diverticulitis from Colon Cancer: The Value of Computed Tomography in the Emergency Setting". Journal of the Chinese Medical Association. 68 (9): 411–418. doi:10.1016/S1726-4901(09)70156-X. ISSN 1726-4901.
  4. ↑ Sheiman, Laura; Levine, Marc S.; Levin, Alicia A.; Hogan, Jonathan; Rubesin, Stephen E.; Furth, Emma E.; Laufer, Igor (2008). "Chronic Diverticulitis: Clinical, Radiographic, and Pathologic Findings". American Journal of Roentgenology. 191 (2): 522–528. doi:10.2214/AJR.07.3597. ISSN 0361-803X.
  5. ↑ Jacobs, Danny; Solomon, Caren G. (2014). "Hemorrhoids". New England Journal of Medicine. 371 (10): 944–951. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1204188. ISSN 0028-4793.
  6. ↑ Schlichtemeier S, Engel A (2016). "Anal fissure". Aust Prescr. 39 (1): 14–7. doi:10.18773/austprescr.2016.007. PMC 4816871. PMID 27041801.
  7. ↑ DuPont HL (January 2012). "Approach to the patient with infectious colitis". Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. 28 (1): 39–46. doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32834d3208. PMID 22080825.
  8. ↑ Zhong ME, Niu BZ, Ji WY, Wu B (June 2016). "Laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for Peutz-Jeghers syndrome with synchronous rectal cancer". World J. Gastroenterol. 22 (22): 5293–6. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i22.5293. PMID 27298573.
  9. ↑ Chung TP, Hunt SR (May 2006). "Carcinoid and neuroendocrine tumors of the colon and rectum". Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 19 (2): 45–8. doi:10.1055/s-2006-942343. PMC 2780103. PMID 20011309.
  10. ↑ Niazi AK, Kaley K, Saif MW (May 2014). "Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of colon: a case report and review of literature". Anticancer Res. 34 (5): 2547–50. PMID 24778074.
  11. ↑ Quayle FJ, Lowney JK (May 2006). "Colorectal lymphoma". Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 19 (2): 49–53. doi:10.1055/s-2006-942344. PMC 2780105. PMID 20011310.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 Fakhoury M, Negrulj R, Mooranian A, Al-Salami H (2014). "Inflammatory bowel disease: clinical aspects and treatments". J Inflamm Res. 7: 113–20. doi:10.2147/JIR.S65979. PMC 4106026. PMID 25075198.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Collins P, Rhodes J (August 2006). "Ulcerative colitis: diagnosis and management". BMJ. 333 (7563): 340–3. doi:10.1136/bmj.333.7563.340. PMC 1539087. PMID 16902215.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Iwańczak B, Iwańczak F (August 2017). "[Functional gastrointestinal disorders in children and adolescents. The Rome IV criteria]". Pol. Merkur. Lekarski (in Polish). 43 (254): 75–82. PMID 28875974.
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