Thyroid nodule laboratory findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Laboratory Findings
| Test | Indication | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum thyrotropin | In all thyroid nodules | ||
| serum antithyroperoxidase level | If suspected to Hashimoto's thyroiditis | ||
| Free T4 | If suspected to hot, thyroid hormone producing nodule | ||
| T3 | If suspected to thyrotoxicosis | ||
| Thyroglobulin | May be elevated in most thyroid diseases and are an insensitive and nonspecific test for thyroid cancer | Routine measurement is not recommended by ATA | |
| basal serum calcitonin | In patients with positive family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma
In any patients with family history of MEN In any patients with concomitant hormonal abnormalities greater than 100 pg=mL, medullary cancer is likely present 39 |
Routine measurement: there remain unresolved issues of sensitivity, specificity, assay performance and costeffectiveness | |
| plasma metanephrine testing | In patients suspected to MEN to evaluate pheochromocytoma | ||
| 24-hour urinary collection
for catecholamines and metanephrines |
- Thyroid specific molecular markers may be helpful in patients with intermediate cytology on FNA to decide on disease management:
- BRAF
- RAS
- RET = PTC
- Pax8-PPARg
- Galectin-3