Sandbox: Reddy
Congenital Toxoplasmosis
Overview
Historical Perspective
- In 1908, Nicolle and Manceaux described the parasite in the blood, spleen and liver of a North African rodent–gundi (Ctenodactylus gundi), due to its similar appearance as leishmania they named it Leishmania gondii. The serological test when used in large population studies showed a high proportion of humans and domestic animals carried antibodies against Toxoplasma. It showed the parasite had a frequent occurrence.
- In 1965, Desmonts described that ingestion of under-cooked and uncooked meat plays a role in the pathogenesis of Toxoplasmosis.
- In 1970, Dubley described the life cycle of the parasite and established that the cats are the definitive hosts and any warm blooded animal can be an intermediate host.[1][2][3]
Causes
Risk Factors
Screening
Demographics, Epidemiology
Natural History, Complications, Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgical Therapy
Prevention
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
References
- ↑ Dubey JP, Miller NL, Frenkel JK (1970). "Characterization of the new fecal form of Toxoplasma gondii". J Parasitol. 56 (3): 447–56. PMID 5467864.
- ↑ Dubey JP, Miller NL, Frenkel JK (1970). "The Toxoplasma gondii oocyst from cat feces". J Exp Med. 132 (4): 636–62. PMC 2138867. PMID 4927658.
- ↑ Hutchison WM, Dunachie JF, Siim JC, Work K (1969). "Life cycle of toxoplasma gondii". Br Med J. 4 (5686): 806. PMC 1630290. PMID 5359949.