Hand-foot-and-mouth disease natural history
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Differentiating Hand-foot-and-mouth disease from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S[2]
Complications
Common complications of hand-foot and mouth disease include:
- Can rarely occur with HFMD
- Viral meningitis causes fever, headache, stiff neck, or back pain. The condition is usually mild and clears without treatment; however, some patients may need to be hospitalized for a short time.
- Encephalitis (swelling of the brain) which can be fatal
- A polio-like paralysis, result even more rarely.
- Fingernail and toenail loss
- Occurring mostly in children within 4 weeks of their having hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD).
- At this time, it is not known whether the reported nail loss is or is not a result of the infection.
- However, in the reports reviewed, the nail loss has been temporary and nail growth resumed without medical treatment.[1]
Other complications include:
- meningitis
- Acute flaccid paralysis)
- Pulmonary edema/pulmonary hemorrhage.
Complications from the virus infections that cause HFMD are not common, but if they do occur, medical care should be sought.
Prognosis
Generally, complete recovery occurs in 5 to 7 days.