Chronic lymphocytic leukemia laboratory findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]

Overview

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include abnormal complete blood count, immunohistochemistry, and electrophoresis. The lack of the normal distribution of kappa and lambda producing B cells is a key diagnostic feature in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.^[1]^[2]

Laboratory Findings

Complete Blood Count

Absolute lymphocytosis (>5000 cells/μ)^[1]^[2]
Decreased hemoglobin
Decreased platelets count

Blood Smear

Demonstrates the presence of smudge cells^[1]^[2]

Metabolic Panel

Elevated low-density lipoprotein level^[1]^[2]

Quantitative Immunoglobulin Assay

Quantitative measurement of IgA, IgG, and IgM immunoglobulins detects hypogammaglobulinemia^[1]^[2]
Elevated β2-microglobulin level

Electrophoresis

Detection of only one of the mutually exclusive antibody light chains, kappa or lambda, among the entire population of malignant B cells.^[1]^[2]
The lack of the normal distribution of kappa and lambda producing B cells is a key diagnostic feature in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Immunohistochemistry

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells typically express CD19, CD20, CD23, and CD5 on the cell surface.^[1]^[2]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 Nabhan C, Rosen ST (2014). "Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review". JAMA. 312 (21): 2265–76. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.14553. PMID 25461996.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukimea. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October ,12 2015

[pmid25461996-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 Nabhan C, Rosen ST (2014). "Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review". JAMA. 312 (21): 2265–76. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.14553. PMID 25461996.

[wiki-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukimea. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October ,12 2015

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