Listeriosis natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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The mean [[incubation period]] for [[febrile]] [[gastroenteritis]] following [[listeriosis]] is 24h, however, these may range from 6h up to 10 days. In the case of the remaining invasive diseases, the mean [[incubation period]] is 35 days, ranging from 1 up to 91 days.<ref name="pmid15825036">{{cite journal| author=Ooi ST, Lorber B| title=Gastroenteritis due to Listeria monocytogenes. | journal=Clin Infect Dis | year= 2005 | volume= 40 | issue= 9 | pages= 1327-32 | pmid=15825036 | doi=10.1086/429324 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15825036 }} </ref><ref name="pmid8988887">{{cite journal| author=Dalton CB, Austin CC, Sobel J, Hayes PS, Bibb WF, Graves LM et al.| title=An outbreak of gastroenteritis and fever due to Listeria monocytogenes in milk. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1997 | volume= 336 | issue= 2 | pages= 100-5 | pmid=8988887 | doi=10.1056/NEJM199701093360204 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8988887 }} </ref><ref name="pmid3137471">{{cite journal| author=Linnan MJ, Mascola L, Lou XD, Goulet V, May S, Salminen C et al.| title=Epidemic listeriosis associated with Mexican-style cheese. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1988 | volume= 319 | issue= 13 | pages= 823-8 | pmid=3137471 | doi=10.1056/NEJM198809293191303 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3137471 }} </ref> | The mean [[incubation period]] for [[febrile]] [[gastroenteritis]] following [[listeriosis]] is 24h, however, these may range from 6h up to 10 days. In the case of the remaining invasive diseases, the mean [[incubation period]] is 35 days, ranging from 1 up to 91 days.<ref name="pmid15825036">{{cite journal| author=Ooi ST, Lorber B| title=Gastroenteritis due to Listeria monocytogenes. | journal=Clin Infect Dis | year= 2005 | volume= 40 | issue= 9 | pages= 1327-32 | pmid=15825036 | doi=10.1086/429324 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15825036 }} </ref><ref name="pmid8988887">{{cite journal| author=Dalton CB, Austin CC, Sobel J, Hayes PS, Bibb WF, Graves LM et al.| title=An outbreak of gastroenteritis and fever due to Listeria monocytogenes in milk. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1997 | volume= 336 | issue= 2 | pages= 100-5 | pmid=8988887 | doi=10.1056/NEJM199701093360204 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8988887 }} </ref><ref name="pmid3137471">{{cite journal| author=Linnan MJ, Mascola L, Lou XD, Goulet V, May S, Salminen C et al.| title=Epidemic listeriosis associated with Mexican-style cheese. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1988 | volume= 319 | issue= 13 | pages= 823-8 | pmid=3137471 | doi=10.1056/NEJM198809293191303 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3137471 }} </ref> | ||
===Febrile Gastroenteritis=== | |||
===Infection in Pregnancy=== | |||
===Sepsis of Unknown Origin=== | |||
===Bacteremia=== | |||
===CNS Infection=== | |||
===Endocarditis=== | |||
===Focal Infections=== | |||
==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Natural History
The majority of cases of listeriosis are sporadic. ALthough the source is usually unknown, contaminated food is the most common vehicle of transmission. Some patients may be transitory carriers of the bacteria, without having the disease. Once the bacteria penetrate the gastrointestinal lining, it will travel through the blood to otherwise aseptic sites, such as the CNS, the uterus, and sometimes the heart, being responsible for diseases such as:
- Febrile gastroenteritis
- Infection in pregnancy
- Sepsis of unknown origin
- Bacteremia
- CNS Infection
- Endocarditis
- Focal infections
The mean incubation period for febrile gastroenteritis following listeriosis is 24h, however, these may range from 6h up to 10 days. In the case of the remaining invasive diseases, the mean incubation period is 35 days, ranging from 1 up to 91 days.[1][2][3]
Febrile Gastroenteritis
Infection in Pregnancy
Sepsis of Unknown Origin
Bacteremia
CNS Infection
Endocarditis
Focal Infections
Complications
Invasive disease might complicate into:[4][5]
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- ARDS
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Acute Renal Failure
- Septicemia[6], meningitis (or meningoencephalitis)[6]
- Encephalitis[7]
- Corneal ulcer[8]
- Pneumonia[9]
- Intrauterine or cervical infection in pregnant women, may result in:
- Spontaneous abortion (2nd/3rd trimester)
- Stillbirth
- Surviving neonates of Fetomaternal Listeriosis may suffer from:
- Granulomatosis infantiseptica - pyogenic granulomas distributed over the whole body, and may suffer from physical retardation
- Influenza-like symptoms, including persistent fever usually precede the onset of the aforementioned disorders.
- Reinfection (rare)
Prognosis
The prognosis of Listeriosis depends on the health status of the host:[10]
- Healthy older children and adults have a lower death rate.
- Listeriosis in a fetus or infant results in a poor outcome with a high death rate.
- Even with prompt treatment, some listeriosis cases result in death. This is particularly likely in older adults and in persons with other medical conditions.
References
- ↑ Ooi ST, Lorber B (2005). "Gastroenteritis due to Listeria monocytogenes". Clin Infect Dis. 40 (9): 1327–32. doi:10.1086/429324. PMID 15825036.
- ↑ Dalton CB, Austin CC, Sobel J, Hayes PS, Bibb WF, Graves LM; et al. (1997). "An outbreak of gastroenteritis and fever due to Listeria monocytogenes in milk". N Engl J Med. 336 (2): 100–5. doi:10.1056/NEJM199701093360204. PMID 8988887.
- ↑ Linnan MJ, Mascola L, Lou XD, Goulet V, May S, Salminen C; et al. (1988). "Epidemic listeriosis associated with Mexican-style cheese". N Engl J Med. 319 (13): 823–8. doi:10.1056/NEJM198809293191303. PMID 3137471.
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald L.; Bennett, John E. (John Eugene); Dolin, Raphael. (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious disease. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0-443-06839-9.
- ↑ "Listeriosis".
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Gray, M. L., and A. H. Killinger. 1966. Listeria monocytogenes and listeric infection. Bacteriol. Rev. 30:309-382.
- ↑ Armstrong, R. W., and P. C. Fung. 1993. Brainstem encephalitis (Rhombencephalitis) due to Listeria monocytogenes: case report and review. Clin. Infect. Dis. 16:689-702.
- ↑ Holland, S., E. Alfonso, H. Gelender, D. Heidemann, A. Mendelsohn, S. Ullman, and D. Miller. 1987. Corneal ulcer due to Listeria monocytogenes. Cornea 6:144-146.
- ↑ Whitelock-Jones, L., J. Carswell, and K. C. Rassmussen. 1989. Listeria pneumonia. A case report. South African Medical Journal 75:188-189.
- ↑ "Listeria".