Heart murmur natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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[[heart murmur]] may present as innocent murmrur in one particular area of the [[precardium]] or as pathological murmur, the majority of murmurs in children are innocent and found incidentally. Complication of heart murmur depend on the cause of the murmur for example MR may lead to development of [[pulmonary edema]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], and [[right heart failure]],and in case of aortic valve stenosis can lead to [[angina]], [[syncope]], [[congestive heart failure]], [[atrial fibrillation]], [[endocarditis]], and [[sudden cardiac death]]. | |||
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | ==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | ||
===Natural History=== | ===Natural History=== | ||
*[[heart murmur]] may present as innocent murmrur in one particular area of the [[precardium]] or as pathological murmur. | *[[heart murmur]] may present as innocent murmrur in one particular area of the [[precardium]] or as pathological murmur. | ||
*It may be associated with [[symptoms]] such as [[chest pain]], [[breathlessness]], signs of cardiac or extra cardiac disease. | *It may be associated with [[symptoms]] such as [[chest pain]], [[breathlessness]], signs of cardiac or extra cardiac disease. | ||
* Heart murmur are common in children and constitute the second most common reason for referral from primary care to pediatric secondary care after asthma.<ref name="KhushuKelsall2014">{{cite journal|last1=Khushu|first1=Abha|last2=Kelsall|first2=Anthony W.|last3=Usher-Smith|first3=Juliet A.|title=Outcome of children referred with heart murmurs referred from general practice to a paediatrician with expertise in cardiology|journal=Cardiology in the Young|volume=25|issue=1|year=2014|pages=123–127|issn=1047-9511|doi=10.1017/S104795111400095X}}</ref> | *Heart murmur are common in children and constitute the second most common reason for referral from primary care to pediatric secondary care after asthma.<ref name="KhushuKelsall2014">{{cite journal|last1=Khushu|first1=Abha|last2=Kelsall|first2=Anthony W.|last3=Usher-Smith|first3=Juliet A.|title=Outcome of children referred with heart murmurs referred from general practice to a paediatrician with expertise in cardiology|journal=Cardiology in the Young|volume=25|issue=1|year=2014|pages=123–127|issn=1047-9511|doi=10.1017/S104795111400095X}}</ref> | ||
* The majority of murmurs in children are innocent and found incidentally.<ref name="KhushuKelsall2014">{{cite journal|last1=Khushu|first1=Abha|last2=Kelsall|first2=Anthony W.|last3=Usher-Smith|first3=Juliet A.|title=Outcome of children referred with heart murmurs referred from general practice to a paediatrician with expertise in cardiology|journal=Cardiology in the Young|volume=25|issue=1|year=2014|pages=123–127|issn=1047-9511|doi=10.1017/S104795111400095X}}</ref> | *The majority of murmurs in children are innocent and found incidentally.<ref name="KhushuKelsall2014">{{cite journal|last1=Khushu|first1=Abha|last2=Kelsall|first2=Anthony W.|last3=Usher-Smith|first3=Juliet A.|title=Outcome of children referred with heart murmurs referred from general practice to a paediatrician with expertise in cardiology|journal=Cardiology in the Young|volume=25|issue=1|year=2014|pages=123–127|issn=1047-9511|doi=10.1017/S104795111400095X}}</ref> | ||
===Complications and Prognosis=== | ===Complications and Prognosis=== | ||
*Complication of heart murmur depend on the cause | |||
*Patients presenting with [[innocent heart murmur]] generally have a good [[prognosis]] | |||
*For people with other types of heart murmurs, the prognosis depends on the type of heart problem and its severity.<ref name="urlHeart Murmur - Harvard Health">{{cite web |url=https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/heart-murmur-a-to-z |title=Heart Murmur - Harvard Health |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
*However, a major role in whether one should ‘worry’ or not is depend on taking a good history from the patient and family history of heart disease. | |||
Revision as of 20:51, 4 October 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nuha Al-Howthi, MD[2]
Overview
heart murmur may present as innocent murmrur in one particular area of the precardium or as pathological murmur, the majority of murmurs in children are innocent and found incidentally. Complication of heart murmur depend on the cause of the murmur for example MR may lead to development of pulmonary edema, pulmonary hypertension, and right heart failure,and in case of aortic valve stenosis can lead to angina, syncope, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, endocarditis, and sudden cardiac death.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- heart murmur may present as innocent murmrur in one particular area of the precardium or as pathological murmur.
- It may be associated with symptoms such as chest pain, breathlessness, signs of cardiac or extra cardiac disease.
- Heart murmur are common in children and constitute the second most common reason for referral from primary care to pediatric secondary care after asthma.[1]
- The majority of murmurs in children are innocent and found incidentally.[1]
Complications and Prognosis
- Complication of heart murmur depend on the cause
- Patients presenting with innocent heart murmur generally have a good prognosis
- For people with other types of heart murmurs, the prognosis depends on the type of heart problem and its severity.[2]
- However, a major role in whether one should ‘worry’ or not is depend on taking a good history from the patient and family history of heart disease.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Khushu, Abha; Kelsall, Anthony W.; Usher-Smith, Juliet A. (2014). "Outcome of children referred with heart murmurs referred from general practice to a paediatrician with expertise in cardiology". Cardiology in the Young. 25 (1): 123–127. doi:10.1017/S104795111400095X. ISSN 1047-9511.
- ↑ "Heart Murmur - Harvard Health".