Sandbox:Roukoz

Diseases	Clinical manifestations						Para-clinical findings					Additional findings
	Symptoms			Skin Examination
							Lab Findings				Histopathology
	Names	Symptom 2	Symptom 3	Physical exam 1	Physical exam 2	Physical exam 3	Risk factors	Areas affected	Unique features	Dermoscopy Features
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma	SCC in situ Bowen's disease	usually asymptomatic		well-demarcated, scaly patch or plaque	hyperkeratotic, or ulcerative lesions	Lesions are often erythematous but can also be skin colored or pigmented.		Any cutaneous surface, including the head, neck, trunk, extremities, oral mucosa, shoulders, chest and back	In fair-skinned individuals, SCCs most commonly arise in sites frequently exposed to the sun In black individuals, common sites for SCC include the legs, anus, and areas of chronic inflammation or scarring		Keratinocytic dysplasia involving the full thickness of the epidermis without infiltration of atypical cells into the dermis The keratinocytes are pleomorphic with hyperchromatic nuclei, and numerous mitoses are present.	SCC in situ lesions tend to grow slowly, enlarging over the course of years
Invasive squamous cell carcinoma		Lesions of invasive SCC are often asymptomatic but may be painful or pruritic.	Local neurologic symptoms (eg, numbness, stinging, burning, paresthesias, paralysis, or visual changes) occur in approximately one-third of patients with histologic perineural invasion by the tumor	Well-differentiated lesions usually appear as indurated or firm, hyperkeratotic papules, plaques, or nodules	Poorly differentiated lesions are usually fleshy, soft, granulomatous papules or nodules that lack the hyperkeratosis that is often seen in well-differentiated lesions	Poorly differentiated tumors may have ulceration, hemorrhage, or areas of necrosis.
Keratoacanthoma	keratocytic epithelial tumors			Initial lesion: small pink macule Later: papular quality and eventually forms a circumscribed nodule.	The periphery of the nodule tends to be skin-colored or mildly erythematous and may have accompanying telangiectasias	The center of the nodule typically demonstrates a prominent keratinous core.	Skin color Ultraviolet radiation Genetics Drug exposure (BRAF inhibitors) Trauma (surgery, laser therapy, cryotherapy or accidental trauma) Chemical carcinogens (tar, pitch, polyaromatic hydrocarbons) Human papillomavirus infection	Develops on sun-exposed areas of the skin. The face (especially the eyelids, nose, cheek, and lower lip), neck, hands, and arms are common sites for involvement	a history of rapid growth within weeks favors this diagnosis		Keratoacanthomas are keratocytic epithelial tumors that clinically and histologically resemble SCC	It is controversial whether keratoacanthomas represent a subtype of well-differentiated SCC or a separate entity Dermoscopy may aid in clinically distinguishing KA from other lesions but cannot reliably distinguish KA from squamous cell carcinoma
Muir-Torre								incidental detection of multiple lesions suspicious for sebaceous tumors during the skin examination may suggest the possibility of the Muir-Torre variant of Lynch syndrome
Merkel cell carcinoma				Starts on areas of skin exposed to the sun	Single pink, red, or purple shiny bump	Painless						Blue-red, dome-shaped nodule
Nodular malignant melanoma				Lump that has been rapidly growing over the past weeks							Cells proliferate downwards through the skin (vertical growth)	Two-thirds arise in normal skin, the rest in existing moles Genetic component in some cases with a positive family history
Amelanotic melanoma				Color usually pink, purple or normal skin color	Usually have an asymmetrical shape with an irregular border	Red, nonspecific lesion with slightly elevated borders						Do not make melanin, so lesions are not pigmented
Basal cell carcinoma				Coarse scale lesion
Superficial basal cell carcinoma				Scaly patch	Erythematous lesion						large, hyperchromatic, oval nuclei and little cytoplasm well differentiated and cells appear histologically similar to basal cells of the epidermis
Nodular basal cell carcinoma				Pearly papule with telangiectasias
Cutaneous metastases of internal malignancy				Other sites lungs, liver, brain, skin, or bone.								The most frequent site of metastasis for cutaneous SCC is the regional lymph nodes;
Benign Skin Lesions
Sebaceous cell carcinoma				Yellow-nodule								Suspected due to evidence of eyelash loss
Rhabdomyosarcoma	Bulging of the eye or a swollen eyelid											Develops in skeletal muscles usually
Actinic keratoses	Pain			Hyperkeratosis	Erythema	less pigmentation, and tend to be somewhat smaller in size.
Prurigo nodules	Hard lesion	Itchy lumps
Paget disease				Eczema-like rash of the skin	Around the genital regions of males and females.						Similar to mammary paget disease	chronic
Inflamed seborrheic keratosis				Waxy, "stuck on," often hyperkeratotic appearance
Viral warts				Verrucous lesion								Caused by HPV
Pyogenic granuloma				Rapidly growing	Red, dome-shaped	Friable papule with a collarette of scale
Bowenoid papulosis				multiple, red- to brown-colored, small papules that								primarily arise on genitals induced by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
Nummular eczema	Itchy lesions			Coin shaped spots								Chronic condition
Psoriasis	Flaking, inflammation			Thick, white, silvery, or red patches of skin								Chronic condition
Pyoderma gangrenosum				Purulent ulcer	Ragged and violaceous border
Venous stasis ulcers
Traumatic ulcers
Sebaceous Hyperplasia				Lesions can be single or multiple lesions	Yellowish, soft, small papules on the face	Usually on the nose, cheeks, and forehead
Allergic Contact Dermatitis	Itchy rash			Red rash								Not contagious
Atopic Dermatitis	Itchy rash	Fever		Red rash								Chronic and sometimes accompanied by asthma
Atypical Fibroxanthoma				Erythematous, dome-shaped papule
Nevus
Chemical Burns
Limbal Dermoid											Contains choristomatous tissue	Benign congenital tumor
Benign hereditary intraepithelial dyskeratosis												Rare autosomal-dominant disorder of the conjunctiva and oral mucosa
primary acquired melanosis
Fibrous xanthoma											Containing fibromatous elements	Arises due to disturbed systemic lipid metabolism
Inflamed seborrheic keratosis				Inflamed and hyperpigmented		On dermatoscopic evaluation, presence of horned cysts and hairpin-shaped blood vessels
Juvenile xanthogranuloma				Reddened, yellowish-tan color of lesions	Slightly raised bumps							Typically
Cutaneous fungal infections
Desmoplastic trichoepithelioma
Adnexal carcinoma												Very rare
Darier disease												Keratosis follicularis
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma												Mycosis fungoides
Marjolin's ulcer				Lesions in sites of chronic wounds and scars	Excessive granulation tissue,	Rolled or everted wound margins	Bleeding on touch					rare type of SCC Very slow malignant transformation
Epithelioma cuniculatum							Increased size					Verrucous carcinoma on the plantar foot
Anogenital												also known as giant condyloma acuminatum of Buschke-Loewenstein

SCC in situ: Frequently, there is associated thickening of the epidermis (acanthosis), as well as hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis of the stratum corneum. In contrast to SCC in situ, actinic keratoses demonstrate only partial-thickness epidermal dysplasia.