Zollinger-Ellison syndrome causes: Difference between revisions

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*Causes of Hypergastrinemia: <ref name="pmid21806955">{{cite journal| author=Metz DC| title=Diagnosis of the Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. | journal=Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol | year= 2012 | volume= 10 | issue= 2 | pages= 126-30 | pmid=21806955 | doi=10.1016/j.cgh.2011.07.012 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21806955  }} </ref>
*Causes of Hypergastrinemia: <ref name="pmid21806955">{{cite journal| author=Metz DC| title=Diagnosis of the Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. | journal=Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol | year= 2012 | volume= 10 | issue= 2 | pages= 126-30 | pmid=21806955 | doi=10.1016/j.cgh.2011.07.012 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21806955  }} </ref>


{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align="center"
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center
| colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|'''Causes of Hypergastrinemia'''}}
| colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|'''Causes of Hypergastrinemia'''}}
|+  
|+  
|'''Appropriate hypergastrinemia'''
! style="background: #4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;" rowspan=1 | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Appropriate hypergastrinemia}}
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Atrophic gastritis with or without pernicious anemia
*Antisecretory therapy (PPIs or high-dose histamine H2-receptor antagonist)
*Chronic renal failure
*H pylori pangastritis
*Vagotomy
|-
|-
|*Atrophic gastritis with or without pernicious anemia
! style="background: #4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;" rowspan=1 | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Inappropriate hypergastrinemia}}
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*ZES (sporadic or associated with MEN-1)
*Antral-predominant H pylori infection
*Retained-antrum syndrome
*Gastric-outlet obstruction
*Small-bowel resection
|-
|-
|*Antisecretory therapy (PPIs or high-dose histamine H2-receptor antagonist)
! style="background: #4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;" colspan=1 | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Spurious hypergastrinemia}}
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Nonfasting patient
*Inaccurate assay
|-
|-
|*Chronic renal failure
|-
|*H pylori pangastritis
|-
|*Vagotomy
|-
|
|-
|'''Inappropriate hypergastrinemia'''
|-
|*ZES (sporadic or associated with MEN-1)
|-
|*Antral-predominant H pylori infection
|-
|*Retained-antrum syndrome
|-
|*Gastric-outlet obstruction
|-
|*Small-bowel resection
|-
|
|-
|'''Spurious hypergastrinemia'''
|-
|*Nonfasting patient
|-
|*Inaccurate assay
|}
|}



Revision as of 16:49, 3 August 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Reddy Kothagadi M.B.B.S[2] Mohamad Alkateb, MBBCh [3]

Overview

The cause of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome has not been identified. However, 25 to 30 percent of gastrinomas, which can cause Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, are caused by multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1).

Causes

  • The cause of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome has not been identified. However, 25 to 30 percent of gastrinomas, which can cause Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, are caused by multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1).[1]
  • Causes of Hypergastrinemia: [2]
Causes of Hypergastrinemia
Appropriate hypergastrinemia
  • Atrophic gastritis with or without pernicious anemia
  • Antisecretory therapy (PPIs or high-dose histamine H2-receptor antagonist)
  • Chronic renal failure
  • H pylori pangastritis
  • Vagotomy
Inappropriate hypergastrinemia
  • ZES (sporadic or associated with MEN-1)
  • Antral-predominant H pylori infection
  • Retained-antrum syndrome
  • Gastric-outlet obstruction
  • Small-bowel resection
Spurious hypergastrinemia
  • Nonfasting patient
  • Inaccurate assay

References

  1. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/zollinger-ellison-syndrome/Pages/facts.aspx#causes
  2. Metz DC (2012). "Diagnosis of the Zollinger–Ellison syndrome". Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 10 (2): 126–30. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2011.07.012. PMID 21806955.

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