Sandbox:Aditya

Classification

Based on duration

• Acute If symptoms are present for less than 6 weeks before presenting to medical care
• Chronic If symptoms persist for more than 6 weeks

Based on Etiology

Primary When Abscess develops among patients who were healthy previously or with high risk factors such as those prone for aspiration

• Aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions
• Immunodeficiency conditions like HIV
• Necrotizing pneumonitis

Secondary When abscess develops among patients with an underlying lung abnormality

• Bronchial obstruction
• Hematogenic dissemination
• Infection spread from mediastinum
• Coexisting Lung Diseases

Based on mode of spread

Bronchiogenic

• Aspiration of Oropharyngeal secretions
• Bronchial obstruction by Tumor
• Foreign body, Congenital Malformations and Enlarged LymphNodes

Hematogenic

• Infective endocarditis
• Abdominal Sepsis
• Septic Thromboembolism

Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of lung abscess are

Common Risk Factors

Precipitating ( disorders of consciousness)

• Alcoholism
• Seizer disorder
• Artificial ventilation
• Coma
• Neuromuscular disorders with bulbar dysfunction
• Nocturnal Aspiration /Inability to cough
• Bronchial obstruction

Predisposing

• Gingivo-dental sepsis
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Immunosuppression

Less Common Risk factors

• Drug abuse
• Malnutrition
• Mental retardation
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease